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Currently H2Generator Cell output is 1.25 stable
I will be doing more reading and research today
ALSO -- THIS IS IMPORTANT INFO
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/fd/c4fd00185k#!divAbstract
Someone please help me read this or something.
I havnt had a chance.
A NOTE ON: Researchers, companies, cost-based-profit-sharing, and JCAP
Several American Corporations hold IP (Intellectual Property) relative to International Efforts towards creating the first Artificial Leaf.
A Global Initiative with Individually Accredited and Recognized Property Holders is what we are discussing.
FIRST AND FOREMOST:
ROLE OF THE U.S. SUNSHOT INITIATIVE: MAY BE SEEN AS FOLLOWS:
Provide funding for the Universities best qualified to make breakthrough research happen -- While also providing fair and equal funding.
They provided the money to get cutting edge equiptement and technology required to ACCELERATED THE RESEARCH BEING DONE at the Universities.
$122M In U.S. Funding to determine Solar Solutions; a SunShot
Universities were selected based on criteria. Different research labs have different specialties. Based on their specialty, they were built out accordingly. They make some Labs in different states built for Cutting Edge Research, Development, and Prototyping.
I can tell you outright that the University of Iowa will LEAD DEVELOPMENT of the Vessels and Panel Architecture. This will be based on the initial existing design/prototype of HyperSolar, Inc. -- and will result in another Joint Patent for "Method of Manufacture of Vessels for the Separation of chemical elements undergoing electronic photovoltaic process"
ROLE OF THE U.S. JOINT CENTER FOR ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
I've gotta go I will update this later...
HyperSolar, Solar3D, and Reaction35 are the only companies in my short term memory.
But JCAP will protect American interests in this technology.
HYSR was initiated as non dividend paying because they cant decide on profit sharing for an imaginary industry.
It has to reach manufacturing and commercialization 2016.
End of 2015 all this tech will be announced under #GreenTech2015 heading...
These are American Corporations that hold Intellectual Property
This is an International Effort and arbitration for cost/profit distribution is yet to be decided.
These companies are created to Hold their Intellectual Property.
These companies were developed by researchers and scientists.
Who partnered with Venture Capital to bring this technology to market.
Market analysts and lawyers will be creating agreements that allow the technology to come to market at Profit Sharing Rates "TO BE DETERMINED"
The JCAP's Formation is a Geo-Political Event, given that it takes place in America again shows the strength of UN and International Patent Law.
RETURN ON INVESTMENT, "ROI" of these companies profit sharing agreements will be decided upon later.
And Additionally as the market reaches cohesion, establishes the inter-dependant network of mutual beneficial Intellectual Property,
These corporations will be household names.
Energy Utilities will be buying their solutions (AIR LIQDUIDE, ABGB, ETC)
Good find-JCAP I believe will have more public companies result from joint venture research. SLTD is working w Nadir Dagli and Eric McFarland is working with Reaction35 (not yet public)
There are a few other companies I found from named researchers but not public traded companies yet
Although some did have an investor relations section on their websites !
When HYSR gets PR at a point that we are $0.50 a share and $1.00 a share we can talk about taking profits
Then maybe we can contacting companies together and see about investment opportunities pre-OTC
McFarland was HyperSolar CSA-
Here are some interesting links, I will hope to reply at length later
http://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/press/01/pr01105.htm
http://www.hypersolar.com/news_detail.php?id=34
This show Nadir Dagli as Chief Scientist!!!!
https://web.archive.org/web/20101223093929/http://www.hypersolar.com/team.html
McFarland and Tim Young Comment - Vongatu Vietnam govternment following HYSR
http://dost.baria-vungtau.gov.vn/news.aspx?mnid=158&id=1682
Old "TEAM" Page from Hypersolar.com, shows lots of names !! =]
https://web.archive.org/web/20131005214643/http://hypersolar.com/team.php
Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis: PDF Presentation
http://www.energyfrontier.us/sites/all/themes/frontiers/pdfs/Lewis_Presentation.pdf
UCSB part of $122-million "Artificial Photosynthesis" project
http://engineering.ucsb.edu/news/444
DOE-funded work aims to develop cost-effective method of producing energy from sunlight
UCSB is participating in an ambitious project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The goal is to develop a cost-effective method of generating energy from sunlight by mimicking the process plants use to produce energy: photosynthesis.
Eric McFarland, a professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering, is leading UCSB’s part in the project.
McFarland will help develop automated systems that will allow enormous numbers of chemical compounds to be rapidly synthesized and screened to identify those with the most potential for use in an artificial photosynthesis system. McFarland’s goal, once these ultra-high throughput experimentation systems are up and running, is to synthesize and screen a million compounds in a day.
A major focus of the artificial photosynthesis project, McFarland says, is on developing technology that not only works, but also is cost-effective.
“It has to be something that will produce energy at a competitive price,” McFarland says.
Read the press release from the Department of Energy here.
Media Contact
Anna Davison
adavison@engineering.ucsb.edu
805-893-4301
2010-HYSR's Eric McFarland discuss His work with JCAP
http://radiocauseway.org/previous-shows/2010/8/23/eric-mcfarland-phd-on-artificial-synthesis-project-aug-24-20.html
Eric McFarland, Ph.D. and Professor at UC Santa Barbara's Department of Chemical Engineering visits Radio Causeway to discuss his work with the new $122M US Department of Energy's "Artificial Synthesis" project. The Joint Center for Artificial Synthesis (JCAP) is a colaboration of six top California universities with a goal of developing cost-effective methods of gathering energy from sunlight by mimicking the process plants use to produce energy: photosynthesis.
"The Energy Innovation Hubs have enormous potential to advance transformative breakthroughs," said Deputy Secretary Poneman. "Finding a cost-effective way to produce fuels as plants do -- combining sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide -- would be a game changer, reducing our dependence on oil and enhancing energy security. This Energy Innovation Hub will enable our scientists to combine their talents to tackle this bold and highly promising challenge."
Radio Causeway airs live Tuesdays at 9 AM on KCSB 91.9 FM in Santa Barbara an online at KCSB.ORG.
H2GENERATOR TECH.SPECIFICATIONS: Surface Plasmon Enabled Liquid-Junction Photovoltaic Cell
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/fd/c4fd00185k#!divAbstract
Plasmonic nanosystems have recently been shown to be capable of functioning as photovoltaics and of carrying out redox photochemistry, purportedly using as charge carriers the energetic electrons and holes created following plasmonic decay. Although such devices currently have low efficiency, they already manifest a number of favorable characteristics, such as their tunability over the entire solar spectrum and a remarkable resistance to photocorrosion. Here we report a plasmonic photovoltaic using a 25 µm thick electrolytic liquid junction which supports the iodide-triiodide (I-/I3-) redox couple. The device produces photocurrent densities in excess of 40 µA cm-2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of ~0.24 V and a fill factor of ~0.5 using AM 1.5 solar radiation at 100 mW cm-2. The photocurrents and the power conversion efficiency were primarily limited by the low light absorption in the 2-D gold nanoparticle arrays. The use of a liquid junction greatly reduces dielectric breakdown in the oxide layers utilized, which for optimal performance must be very thin, leading to great improvement in the long-term stability of the cell’s performance.
27.June.2015-Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nano Photonics (IPR)
This page is for a conference that lists the program chair as Nadir Dagli -- He innovated much of SLTD and HYSR Technology along with help of all the other researchers and Eric McFarland..
Now leading a conference on the technological achievements..
Nadir Dagli, University of California Santa Barbara, United States
Andrea Melloni, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
http://www.osa.org/en-us/meetings/optics_and_photonics_congresses/advanced_photonics/integrated_photonics_research,_silicon_and_nano-ph/
Omni Parker House, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
27 June - 01 July 2015
Integrated Photonics Research (IPR) is the premier and longest-running meeting dedicated to groundbreaking advances in research and development of integrated photonic and nano-photonic technologies on all relevant material platforms.
IPR brings together experts from both academia and industry for an open discussion of cutting-edge research, trends and problems. IPR 2015 will broaden the scope of previous IPR meetings by incorporating new sub committees dedicated to emerging areas. Panel and open discussion sessions will also be included to facilitate a forum for free exchange of ideas and related discussion. In addition a special workshop on facilities and foundries for highly integrated photonics will be organized. Topics will include photonic integrated circuit design, technology and applications; physics and technology of on-chip active and passive photonic devices; planar waveguide technology, lightwave circuits and systems-on-the chip; theory, modeling and numerical simulation of waveguide and integrated photonic devices and circuits, as well as various topics of computational photonics. Also, IPR 2015 will continue to cover emerging topics in nano-photonics, new materials for photonics, such as two dimensional materials, epsilon-near-zero materials, integrated photonics for high precision applications such as frequency combs, electro-optic oscillators. There will also be special symposium on integrated quantum photonics, including generation, detection, transport and utilization of photons on the quantum levels.
Application areas within the scope of this meeting are very broad and include, but are not restricted to: optical tele- and data communications; optical interconnects, switching and storage; data and information processing, including integrated quantum circuits; and optical monitoring and sensing, including mid-IR photonics. On the material side, traditional III-V semiconductor photonic devices and integrated circuits; silicon based devices and waveguide circuitry; silica on silicon and polymer photonic lightwave circuits as well as new and emerging material platforms such as graphene, 2D materials, and transparent conducting oxides are all within the scope of IPR.
View the complete list of topic categories.
Topic Categories
Photonic Devices and Applications
Silicon and other Group IV integrated photonics: devices and complex circuits
SOI-based materials;
Passive and active devices;
Hybrid Light emitters, lasers, isolators, amplifiers, passives
III-V and Compound Semiconductor Devices and systems
Semiconductor modulators;
Filters;
Switches;
Wavelength converters;
VCSELs;
Planar amplifiers;
Photonic integrated circuits and optoelectronic integrated circuits;
Compound semiconductor WDM components;
Novel III-V quantum optoelectronic devices;
III-V Materials and Processing for Photonics
Reliability advances and issues;
Emerging packaging technologies
Dielectric and Polymer Waveguides and Waveguide Devices
Integrated planar waveguides;
Polymer-based waveguide devices;
Active/passive integrated components;
Switches;
Variable optical attenuators;
Modulators;
Filters;
Integrated isolators and circulators;
Planar dispersion compensators
Materials and Fabrication Technologies for Photonic Integrated Circuits
characterization of linear and nonlinear optical waveguide devices;
Micro-machines and micro-optic components;
Parallel optical interconnects;
Reliability advances and issues;
Novel assembly and manufacturing techniques; and low cost technology for polymer devices.
Non-reciprocal devices
LiNbO3 - and Other Pockels Effect Switches and Modulators: Ultrahigh-speed; low-Vp; devices; integrated scanners; and new fabrication methods.
Integrated Photonic Circuits and Systems
On-chip photonic interconnects;
Photonic A/D conversion;
Optical phased arrays;
Optical isolators;
Planar filtering devices, equalizers, dispersion compensators, wavelength selective switches, and other tele/datacom components
Nanophotonics: Nanostructured photonic devices
Photonic crystals (waveguides, resonators, light sources);
Nano-engineered devices for the generation, transport and detection of light;
Sub-wavelength devices;
Biological and chemical transducers
Nanostructured photovoltaics
Plasmonics
Nanofabrication Technology
Lithography and etching techniques;
Growth and deposition approaches;
Self-organized methods
Nanoscale structure characterization
Integrated High Precision Photonics
Frequency comb generation
Solitons
Mode locked lasers
Ultra-narrow linewidth oscillators
Harmonic generation
Raman and Brillouin gain
Super-continuum generation
Frequency (up/down) conversion
Infrared and ultraviolet generation
Physics, theory and applications of linear and nonlinear processes in novel integrated structures
Nonlinear switching, modulation, memories and logic
Nonlinear optics in metamaterials, and opto-mechanics
New Materials for Photonics
Novel Materials for Advanced Opto-Electronics:
Active Graphene Photonics;
Beyond Graphene: the new class of 2D materials;
Giant index modulation in transparent conductive oxides
Epsilon Near Zero materials
Theory, Simulation and Novel Physical Insights:
Devices Beyond Conventional Limits;
Enhanced Light Matter Interactions;
Computational Analysis and Methods
Emerging Opto-electronic Devices and Platforms
Plasmons and Nanolasers;
Ultra Compact Electro-optic Modulators;
Nano-Photonic Device Integration;
Heterogeneous and Hybrid Platforms
Special symposium on Integrated Quantum Photonics
Single photon sources
Single-photon detectors
Quantum computers
Quantum repeaters
WHITEPAPER: SOLAR HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
http://samples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk/9780470823989_sample_384272.pdf
1.3.1 The Solar Resource
In discussing the world energy situation of the early twentieth century, Thomas Edison once said:
“I’d put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don’t have to wait ’til oil and coal run out before we tackle that”
[11]. It’s almost 100 years later, and we are still hoping, perhaps now with a little more urgency. The sun is, in fact, the ultimate renewable energy resource, continuously bombarding earth with about 180000000000000000W (or 180 000 TW) of radiant power, enough to power 3 quadrillion 60 W light bulbs [12,13]! About 50 000 TW of this is directly reflected back to space, and 82 000 TW is absorbed by earth and re-emitted as heat. Of this, 36000 TW is absorbed at the earth’s land masses, where terrestrial-based solar-energy conversion plants could be installed practically.
To put this in perspective, our society on average consumes 13–15 TW, with some predictions doubling this consumption rate by the year 2060 [14]. Although these numbers are staggering, they still represent a small fraction of the sun’s influx of radiant power. It might seem that solar energy alone could satisfy our insatiable hunger for energy. Of course, it is not that simple. The planet relies on the sun for many things, including sustaining plant-life and driving its weather patterns, and our voracious energy demands are relatively low on nature’s priority list. Still, despite the abundance of spare solar energy at our disposal, large-scale conversion is currently quite costly and somewhat problematic. At peak times of daylight, the solar intensity available for terrestrial conversion scales to approximately 1000 W m2. Large collection areas and significant landmass would therefore be needed for commercial-scale power production. Such expansive commercial deployment requires an enormous capital investment. For example, commercial photovoltaic technologies today can convert sunlight to electricity at efficiencies between 10 and 20%, at $2–5 per installed watt [15]; a single Gigawatt plant would cost billions of dollars and span over 2500 acres! Even worse, this gargantuan installation would be a sleeping giant at night and under severe cloud cover.
There are certainly practical difficulties and challenges, yet our sun is still the most generous renewable resource, and the most underutilized in modern society. Currently, less than 0.05% of the world energy production is from solar-energy plants, though this number is on the rise of late [16]. Encouragingly, improved technologies for solar-energy conversion, storage and utilization are emerging to make their impact on the world energy scene. New and improved solar-to-electric and solar-to-hydrogen conversion technologies are all poised to be part of the new energy mix.
1.3.2 Converting Sunlight
In converting sunlight, whether to electricity or to hydrogen, fundamental thermodynamic principles govern the energy-conversion process. As illustrated in Figure 1.1, the sun can be viewed as a black body radiating at a temperature of 5780 K, while the earth, as a black body, radiates at 300 K. The Carnot limit between these source and sink temperatures is readily calculated to 95%, representing the amount of radiant energy that can be converted into other more useable energy forms. This is very encouraging! A lot of solar energy available, and in theory most of it can be converted for practical end-uses. Unfortunately, however, actually converting sunlight is always further limited by unavoidable losses associated with available energy-conversion routes. Thermodynamically, efficiency is lost with every added conversion step in the process.
The sun transmits energy radiatively via photons, quantum particles of light with discrete energy content. Figure 1.2 shows the standard AM1.5global atmosphere-filtered solar spec- trum [17] indicating the range of photon energies comprising sunlight, and the distribution of energy transmitted by these photons. The solar photons (g) reaching earth readily interact with electrons, energizing them to excited states (e), as illustrated in Figure 1.1. Two basic routes for energy conversion of the photoexcited electrons are also depicted. In the solar-thermal route, the energized electrons thermalize to their surroundings, converting the energy to heat (n). This thermal energy can be converted further, for example, using heat-engines to produce work, though now restricted by a lower Carnot limit based on an intermediate source temperature.
Alternatively, in the solar-potential route, the elevated electrochemical potential of the energized electrons can directly drive further conversion processes, for example, producing electricity or chemical products. Thermal energy is not being converted, so no additional Carnot limits are imposed.
1.3.3 Solar-Thermal Conversion
In solar-thermal conversion systems, concentrated sunlight produces high temperatures to drive heat-engines for generating mechanical work, electrical energy, or chemical products.
A good example of this route is the solar-thermal production of electricity. Concentrating solar thermal (CST) systems employ mirrored troughs, dishes or heliostats for focusing sunlight to heat working fluids of a gas- or liquid-phase turbine cycle. Solar concentration up to 1000 and working-fluid temperatures in the 250–1100 C range are common. Conversion efficiencies, governed by the Carnot limit, can be quite high for the highest operational temperatures, but significant materials issues arise. Exotic refractory materials are needed, adding significant cost to plant production, operations and maintenance. One important advantage of solar- thermal production of electricity is that conventional generators and infrastructure can be used, facilitating plant design and implementation. Thermal storage of the energy via storage of the heated fluid can also be an advantage, especially in the higher-temperature systems. Recently, an experimental CST 25 kW system installed at Sandia National Laboratories has reported solar-to-electric efficiencies as high as 31% [18]. Larger-scale installations, such as the 50 MW AndaSol plant in Spain operate at gross efficiencies closer to 3% [19].
Another example of solar-thermal energy conversion is the production of hydrogen as a chemical by-product of solar-thermochemical cycles (STC). Concentrated sunlight provides the net heat for driving a multistep thermochemical process involving the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. Many STC chemical cycles are known, including the sulfur– iodine [20,21] and copper–chlorine [22] cycles with reaction temperatures ranging up to 1200K. High solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiencies are possible, reported between 42–57% in the sulfur–iodine cycles, with a high-temperature step at 1123K. The high- temperature, corrosive operating environment of all STC reactors, however, can be problem- atic, requiring specialized, and usually expensive materials, components and maintenance.
1.3.4 Solar-Potential Conversion
In the solar-potential route, photons in the incident solar light energize electrons, which can be converted directly to electrical or electrochemical energy. The primary example of the solar- potential conversion process is the photovoltaic (PV) production of electricity. Photons are absorbed in semiconductor materials where they excite electrons from the valence into the conduction band. These excited electrons, at elevated electrochemical potentials, can be extracted into an external circuit, directly converting the photon energy into electric energy. Though direct, the conversion is not without loss. Some of the excited electrons thermalize to their surroundings, causing waste heat. In efficient PV cells, however, this waste is minimal, resulting in moderate temperature rises. Operating temperatures in PV installations without concentration can be quite low, typically ranging from 30 to 80C. This is a particularly attractive feature, since low-temperature plants do not require specialized materials, and are easy to operate and maintain. Another attractive feature of PV-generated electricity is the absence of mechanical “moving parts” common to the turbine systems in CST generation. Large-scale power electronics such as power inverters are needed, but these systems have become more efficient and robust in recent years. On the down side, PV semiconductor materials and systems are still relatively expensive. Although cumulative global installations of PV generation has reached over 1500 MW [15], the per-installed-watt price still exceeding $3 is somewhat prohibitive in may economic sectors.
Other examples of solar-potential conversion include photoelectrochemical processes such as waste-water remediation, and the industrial synthesis of chemicals and synthetic fuels.
(STC stands for solar-thermochemical, CST for concentrating solar-thermal, and PEC for photoelectrochemcial).
Hydrogen production by PEC water splitting, an attractive low-temperature alternative to solar-to-hydrogen water splitting, falls into this category.
1.3.5 Pathways to Hydrogen
Using sunlight to split water for hydrogen production can follow several different conversion routes, as shown in Figure 1.3. The solar-thermal route is essentially a two-step process, with a photon-to-thermal energy-conversion step followed by a thermal-to-chemical conversion step. The other two-step process shown in the figure represents PV-electrolysis, where a photon-to-electric conversion step is followed by an electric-to-chemical conversion process. The three-step process represents a CST-electrolysis route, involving photon-to-heat, heat-to- electricity and electricity-to-chemical conversion steps. The final pathway depicted, repre- senting a single-step direct conversion from photon-to-chemical energy, is the PEC water- splitting process. Other solar-to-hydrogen pathways are possible, including photobiological routes [23,24] and the ultra-high-temperature thermolysis route [25]. All pathways can contribute to renewable hydrogen production for future “green economies,” but economics will determine which will predominate.
From an economic viewpoint, it is important to remember that both hydrogen and electricity will be valuable as renewable-energy carriers in the future. Processes capable of producing both, such as PV-electrolysis and CST-electrolysis, could be advantageous. In fact, PV- and CST-electrolysis systems can be assembled today using off-the-shelf components. The electricity and the hydrogen produced would not be inexpensive, but this will change with further maturing of the technologies. It will remain vital to keep an eye on the alternative, even less-mature approaches. The solar-electrolysis routes comprise multiple conversion steps, with efficiency loss at each step. In terms of hydrogen production, the most direct conversion processes, such as PEC water splitting, could have some inherent performance advantages. PEC hydrogen production as a low-temperature single-stage process remains one of the front- running alternatives.
SOUTH AFRICA: Coal meets solar @hybrid energy workshop
http://www.ee.co.za/article/coal-meets-solar-hybrid-energy-workshop.html
Two unlikely sectors in the electrical power generation sector, fossil fuel fired power generation and solar thermal systems, previously regarded as being diametrically opposed elements in the power field came together at the “Hybrid solar/fossil energy workshop” organised by the Fossil Fuel Foundation and SolarPaces on 20 and 21 August 2014 at the Glenhove centre in Johannesburg.
SolarPACES (Solar power and chemical energy systems) is an implementing agreement of the IEA, and is an international network of independent researchers and industry experts for the development and marketing of concentrating solar (CS) thermal power systems and solar chemistry technologies. The organisation was represented by Dr. Tony Meier from the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland and Dr.Christian Sattler from the German aerospace centre. The network has several task areas related to CS and South Africa is represented on the task teams by Thomas Roos from the CSIR and Jan van Ravenswaay of Northwest University. One of the current international projects of the organisation is the developments of a solar fuel roadmap for South Africa. This is being done in parallel to, and supporting, the solar energy technology roadmap (SETRM) process, being handled jointly by the departments of energy and science and technology.
The theme of the workshop was the integration of solar and fossil energy for industry and focused on two areas, the first being solar thermal power generation, and the second being the use of solar thermal heat generation for chemical and materials processing processes, with a strong emphasis on the production of liquid fuels. Discussions covered projects on solar fuel production, solar chemistry and other high temperature applications for solar thermal systems.
Roos says that solar energy in South Africa is largely focussed on generating electricity, but that this only represents about 50% of the country’s fossil fuel consumption, and that introducing solar energy into the liquid fuels and industrial and chemical processes sector can make a significant contribution to reducing our reliance on fossil fuels.
Most people in the power industry are familiar with CSP as a source of electricity, with several projects on the boards in South Africa. In addition to the REIPPP projects there is the Eskom 100 MW CSP plant which will be erected in Upington. According to Vikesh Rajpaul from Eskom, the utility is planning an extra two plants on the same site, but will not be funding the projects from its balance sheet. Instead they will be looking for an equity partner. This will allow Eskom to participate in the REIPPP programme, provided that the shareholding is less than 49%.
One of the new developments in solar thermal is the use of collectors to augment or hybridise the heat generation plant at existing coal fired stations. In augmentation, CS plant is incorporated in the boiler feedwater path, giving gains in power production of between 5 and 7% using the same power station steam turbine plant, generator and substation equipment. In a hybridised application the CS plant is added in parallel to the coal-fired boiler, supplying steam either between the superheater and the high pressure turbine, or between the reheater and the intermediate pressure turbine. In the process overall savings of 30% is considered possible. CS may be used to either lower the fuel consumption, or else boost the overall power output, in the process increasing the peaking power capability with a concurrent reduction in the amount of CO2 emitted.
There is a growing interest in the use of solar thermal plant to augment the steam cycle of combined cycle gas turbines in an integrated solar combined cycle configuration. A solar contribution of up to 30% is considered possible. Solar also has several other advantages, including elimination of start-up of steam generation. A further future application could be in the field of carbon dioxide capture at coal fired power station which requires heat to operate.
Rajpaul said that Eskom is investigating the use of concentrated solar at coal fired stations and has identified four potential sites. The application is restricted by land availability and land use, with many sites not suitable because of, shading, dust, mining activities, etc.
The temperatures required for high temperature solar (HTS) industrial and chemical processes are produced by the same principle as CSP, namely concentrating the sun using parabolic mirrors or an array of heliostats. The sun’s rays are focused on a “reactor” mounted in a tower structure similar to that used for CSP. Concentration of up to 5000 times is used and temperatures of up to 2700ºC are achieved. Processing takes place within the reactor.
SolarPACES follows a two-pronged strategy to see solar fuels commercialised:
Transitional, short-term introduction of CS heat in the conventional fossil fuel value chain, referred to as “carbon-lean”. Fossil fuel remains the feedstock, but the reforming/gasification energy is supplied by renewable solar heat, displacing the combustion of fossil feedstock, and resultant carbon emissions, for this purpose. The solar fuel process is aimed at producing a variety of liquid and gases fuels such as hydrogen, syngas and methanol from carbonaceous feedstock, water and/or CO2.
Long-term hydrogen production by water and carbon dioxide splitting using CS heat. These processes are carbon-free and accordingly more expensive. Fossil fuel is displaced as the feedstock by water and carbon dioxide, and the processes involve solar Electrolysis (low or high temperature), and H2O/CO2 thermal splitting.
The carbon-lean processes tested to date are:
Solar steam reforming of natural gas to produce syngas consisting of CO and H, which could be subject to further processing to separate the two components to produce pure hydrogen. The syngas could be used to create liquid fuel by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
The solar CO2 (dry) reforming of methane to produce syngas consisting of CO and H. This can serve as a near-term means of recycling emitted CO2 as fuel.
Solar cracking of fossil fuels to produce hydrogen, carbon black and carbon nanotubes.
Solar steam gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce syngas. This can be applied to many forms of waste product including biomass, industrial waste, waste coal and petroleum coke.
All of the decarbonisation processes are at pilot project stage, and have been demonstrated as technically viable.
The carbon-free processes broadly encompass electrolysis and thermo-chemical processes. In solar electrolysis, electricity produced by CSP or PV is used to create hydrogen by the electrolysis of water. This may be performed at below 80°C (conventional water electrolysis), or else at high temperature (high temperature steam electrolysis)
High temperature splitting of water uses the established high temperature electrolysis process to produce hydrogen. The electricity required to electrolyse steam reduces as the steam temperature increases, while the thermal requirement for the electrolysis increases with temperature. Energy from the high temperature source reduces the electricity used in the process. High temperature CO2 splitting perhaps offers the greatest longer-term potential for the re-use of captured CO2. Current projects are based on a multi stage process using metal oxides to produce hydrogen and syngas from water and CO2. Most processes are still at research stage, but the ferrites and zinc oxide processes have been demonstrated at 100 kW.
Many of the solar fuel projects discussed focused on the production of hydrogen, using established thermo-chemical methods such as high temperature electrolysis, steam reformation and hydrocarbon cracking. According to Dr. Sattler, the search for a cheap source of hydrogen has been driven in the past by the motor and transport industry, to advance the use of hydrogen vehicles, but a new impetus is coming from electrical utilities who are faced with “surplus” electricity from over-generation by renewable energy sources. “The utilities are looking for a means of using the surplus to produce a storable form of energy, or products which can be sold to other industries, and hydrogen production is one of the options being considered” he said.
High temperature solar fuel production can lead to a new paradigm where carbon dioxide is seen as a valuable commodity that can solve other shortage problems rather than being seen as a pollutant that must be buried or sequestrated. There are already a number of projects running which do convert recovered carbon dioxide to liquid fuels for instance, but these all use other sources of energy such as electricity, primarily “surplus” renewable electricity.
Current developments in emission reduction are all based on carbon dioxide capture, and some of these HTS systems have the potential of enabling direct use of the CO2 in flue gas, allowing thermal generation plant to be collocated with the power station and also elimination of the carbon dioxide capture stage.
Continued use of fossil fuels depends on the use of clean coal technologies, the primary one being reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. The focus has moved away from the original goal of carbon capture and sequestration to one of carbon capture and re-use, possibly driven by the realisation of the value of carbon to industry and the dependence of our economies on carbon.
Production of methanol from carbon dioxide using PEM fuel cells in reverse mode powered by electricity from solar PV was discussed by several presenters. This method has been demonstrated and presents an alternative low temperature solar method of re-use of CO2.
Thermo-chemical heat storage systems offer a potential solution to the CSP energy storage problem. The system uses high temperature oxidation/deoxidation processes to produce stable compounds with a long storage life in a closed cycle operation, driven by concentrated solar energy. The potential exists to use such systems at CSP stations as an alternative to molten salt and other heat storage methods, with possible separation of the heat generation and storage cycle from the generation cycle.
Amongst the non-power generation applications discussed were a number covering metals and minerals processing, such as smelting of recycled aluminium in a kiln with a temp of 1000ºC, carbo-thermal production of metals from metal oxides, such as zinc oxide, ferrous oxide and whatever, and the thermo-chemical production of lime from limestone. All are connected to pilot stage projects, with plans for upgrading to commercial operation size.
Dr. Meier presented a futuristic vision of a closed carbon cycle system where CO2 was extracted from the atmosphere using solar power, converted to liquid fuels using solar power and emitted back into the atmosphere by consumers, an interesting application of solar in a fossil fuel depleted future situation. All the technologies and processes necessary to implement this already exist, and are either in pilot stage or in operation, offering a alternative to the aim of a carbon free economy.
The conference closed with a presentation by Roos on a system combining many of the processes discussed to produce jet fuel from syngas, formed from CO2 captured from Eskom’s power stations, and natural gas from PetroSA, using a high temperature solar thermal process. The process would consume between 3 and 9% of the CO2 emitted by power stations and would result in a 50% carbon-neutral fuel.
With our rich solar resource , the use of solar energy for high temperature industrial and chemical processes offers many opportunities and warrants further development.
In SOUTH AFRICA WE HAVE H2 Powered Houses
Excited for HyperSolar technology advances should make it easier and less panels. Maybe more easy to disguise next to our swimming pool heater?
http://w2.co.za/?pid=1&tid=1
DD/READING: WHITE PAPER: ON SOLAR ELECTROLYSIS
http://samples.sainsburysebooks.co.uk/9780470823989_sample_384272.pdf
JAN-5th SANTA BARBARA EcoFacts: Sunny Energy Outlook 2015
http://www.santabarbaraview.com/ecofacts-sunny-energy-outlook-in-2015/
In June the EPA vowed by 2030 to “cut carbon emission from the power sector by 30 percent nationwide below 2005 levels, which is equal to the emissions from powering more than half the homes in the United States for one year” and will decrease rates of asthma and premature death.
Solar now costs less than buying electricity from the utilities in California and Deutsche Bank predicts in 2 years this will be true in practically every state. Electric heating and cooking will becoming more attractive, requiring less fracked gas!
Energy storage is an issue for wind and solar, other than rooftop grid connected solar, and battery costs are going down by 15% each year. “Citigroup last week cited $230/kWh as the key mark where battery storage wins out over conventional generation and puts the fossil fuel incumbents into terminal decline.” This will happen within two or three years.
Speaking of batteries, the Tesla S is among the best selling luxury cars in U.S. (no.1 best in 2013), and it costs $5 for a charge to go over 200 miles. Rich, cool people get to spend even less to drive. I drove one once (albeit very briefly), and it was indeed spectacular.
I also got lucky and tried a hydrogen fuel cell car, similar – extremely quiet and smooth, fast acceleration. Now if hydrogen can be produced with little or no fossil fuels, like our local Hypersolar is working on… then YES! much better than electric. Here is a well researched bit on that technology.
- See more at: http://www.santabarbaraview.com/ecofacts-sunny-energy-outlook-in-2015/#sthash.WOzwQs4V.dpuf
MICROCAP.DAILY: NOVEMBER-What could be Support Level for HyperSolar
http://www.microcapdaily.com/what-could-be-support-level-for-hypersolar-inc-otcmktshysr/15593/
HyperSolar Inc (OTCMKTS:HYSR) has been drifting in recent sessions. The stock made a big move up recently after the Company announced they have achieved a Breakthrough in Hydrogen Separation Process – Company Develops Novel System Architecture to Efficiently Separate and Produce Pure Hydrogen from Sunlight and Water.
HYSR is a stock with a history of highly explosive moves up running from $0.0035 to highs of $0.135 earlier this year. The stock has been drifting since and HSYR saw a recent low of $0.01 before moving back up.
Investors in the Company are hoping that a penny was the low HYSR reversed off of and the recent news the catalyst that can drive HYSR back over a dime.
HyperSolar Inc (OTCMKTS:HYSR) is developing a breakthrough, low-cost technology to make renewable hydrogen using sunlight and any source of water, including seawater and wastewater. Unlike hydrocarbon fuels, such as oil, coal and natural gas, where carbon dioxide and other contaminants are released into the atmosphere when used, hydrogen fuel usage produces pure water as the only byproduct.
By optimizing the science of water electrolysis at the nano-level, HYSR low-cost nanoparticles mimic photosynthesis to efficiently use sunlight to separate hydrogen from water to produce environmentally friendly renewable hydrogen. Using our low-cost method to produce renewable hydrogen, we intend to enable a world of distributed hydrogen production for renewable electricity and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
On October 21 HYSR announced that the Company has achieved a significant technological milestone in its pursuit of clean hydrogen fuel production, by eliminating an expensive hydrogen-oxygen separation process. This will dramatically reduce the overall system cost of hydrogen fuel production from sunlight.
To Find out the inside Scoop on HYSR Subscribe to Microcapdaily.com Right Now by entering your Email in the box below
Self-contained sunlight driven water-splitting technology, also commonly referred to as “artificial photosynthesis,” typically produces hydrogen and oxygen gas bubbles in the same reactor. This hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture is potentially explosive and must be quickly separated from each other. Current gas separation technology uses selective membranes and is very expensive and the membranes need to frequently be replaced.
HyperSolar has developed a novel reactor design and system architecture that uses a high voltage solar cell, that can be wrapped in the company’s patent pending polymer coating, that serves two functions: (1) convert sunlight into electricity to split water into hydrogen on one side, and oxygen on the other side, and (2) acts as a physical barrier preventing oxygen from combining with hydrogen. The respective hydrogen and oxygen gas bubbles to the top of the reactor as two separate and pure gas streams. This novel design circumvents the need for membrane separators all together.
“Artificial photosynthesis and the concept of separating hydrogen from oxygen has been linked to having great ‘potential’ for some time,” said Tim Young, CEO of HyperSolar. “With this novel reactor design, we believe that we are much closer to eliminating the aspects of the hydrogen production process which many have considered unsafe, costly and inefficient. This breakthrough will support our ultimate goal of cost-effectively producing hydrogen fuel at or near the point of distribution, for use in both consumer and industrial industry sectors.”
Conclusion: HYSR recently made a significant reversal off a penny on massive volume after the Company announced they are developing a breakthrough, low-cost technology to make renewable hydrogen using sunlight and any source of water, including seawater and wastewater.
Enormous news such as this is usually followed up by more news and investors are hoping for just this after months of steady downward drift from March $0.135 highs slashed the Company’s valuation from over $70 million to well under $10 million at the stocks lows.
Currently trading at a $0.135 valuation HSYR has just made a huge reversal off a penny after enormous news. Volume has exploded and it looks as if the stock is quickly gaining the type of loyal shareholder base that can drive these pennies far. HYSR is a stock to watch.
TECHSONIAN Traders Recap–Zynga, Siemens, Yamana Gold, Hyper Solar
http://www.techsonian.com/traders-recap-zynga-znga-siemens-siegy-yamana-gold-auy-hyper-solar-hysr/12385993/
January 17, 2015 - 01:20 PM
Hyper Solar (OTCMKTS:HYSR)launched a letter to its stockholders from company CEO Tim Young.This year, HyperSolar made two significant declarations related to the research teams presently working to develop and commercialize HyperSolar’s renewable hydrogen production technology.While HyperSolarstated several technology-focused updates throughout the year, two in particular are pivotal as the company continues to advance. The first was the breakthrough that reduced an expensive step in the hydrogen-oxygen separation process using a novel reactor design and system architecture.2014 was the most successful year to-date, with respect to advancements in the hydrogen fuel industry.In addition to the auto manufacturers and corporations listed above, several governments and corporations from around the world committed to funding hydrogen fuel technologies and projects.
HyperSolar (OTCMKTS:HYSR) reported the increase of +42.86% to close at $0.0400 with the overall traded volume of 20.48 million shares. Its market capitalization on last close reached to $17.94million. HyperSolar (OTCMKTS:HYSR) has the total of 448.56 million outstanding shares. Its intraday-low price was $0.03 and its hit its day’s highest price at $0.04.
Dont mean to imply that selling shares is bad - I am just saying you are selling out to a steamroller
Thanks for joining and hope we can all mutually benefit from each others knowledge and insight!! Good call on checking for DD from Ospreyeye!
Germany: Wallstreet-online.de talks HYPERSOLAR
POSTED: 16.01.2015, 18:58
LINK: http://www.wallstreet-online.de/nachricht/7308665-kaufdruck-hypersolar-technologieperle-epoxys-spuren
TRANSLATED:
Two times we had in recent months about the technological advances in Hyper Solar (WKN: A1JP7P) reported. Now at last seems the node to burst on the capital market: immense pressure to buy the paper wins today added powerful. On a looming breakout last week has already been referenced in our live chat. Remarkably this time: the massive purchase attacks took place not search for a new corporate message. That today's development alone is for technical reasons, still seems questionable in view of the unusually high trading volume. Fact: Hyper Solar is working on a groundbreaking technology that not only change the whole industries, but can make a decisive new. The company's technology is to enable the industrial production of hydrogen fuel near or at the point of distribution. Hydrogen is considered by experts as oil future. Appropriate technologies are to be, among other things for the automotive industry of great interest.
Speculators are now in a similar price trend also like the recent OTC listed app Forge epoxy (WKN: A1194P) hope its share price since late last year at times was more than 500% down. Without a doubt, is Hyper solar investors before an exciting week.
ORIGINAL TEXT:
Gleich zwei Mal hatten wir in den vergangenen Monaten über die technologischen Fortschritte bei HyperSolar (WKN: A1JP7P) berichtet. Jetzt endlich scheint der Knoten auch auf dem Kapitalmarkt zu platzen: Unter immensem Kaufdruck gewinnt das Papier heute kräftig hinzu. Auf einen sich anbahnenden Kursausbruch wurde bereits vergangene Woche in unserem Live Chat verwiesen. Bemerkenswert diesmal: Die massiven Kaufattacken erfolgten nicht etwa nach einer neuen Unternehmensmeldung. Dass die heutige Entwicklung allein technisch bedingt ist, scheint angesichts des außergewöhnlich hohen Handelsumsatzes trotzdem fraglich. Fakt ist: HyperSolar bastelt an einer bahnbrechenden Technologie, die ganze Industrien nicht nur verändern, sondern entscheidend neu gestalten kann. Die Technologie des Unternehmens soll die industrielle Herstellung von Wasserstoff-Brennstoff nahe oder am Punkt der Verteilung ermöglichen. Wasserstoff wird von Experten als Öl der Zukunft gehandelt. Entsprechende Technologien sind unter anderem für die Automobilindustrie von enormem Interesse sein.
Spekulanten können nun auf eine ähnliche Kursentwicklung wie jüngst bei der ebenfalls OTC-gelisteten App-Schmiede Epoxy (WKN: A1194P) hoffen, deren Aktienkurs seit Ende letzten Jahres zeitweise mehr als 500% zulegen konnte. Ohne Zweifel steht HyperSolar-Anlegern eine spannende Woche bevor.
MOTLEYFOOL Should You Bet on a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Future?
April Post -- If Motley Fool picks up a stock it is going.
Look at SWIR they were telling people and telling people buy buy buy
I cashed SWIR at the top.
I am not cashing HYSR until were on top baby.
I am long HYSR like the generation before us was long APPLE.
NOTE:: YOU CANT READ HYSR PART OF THESE ARTICLES UNLESS YOU SUBSCRIBE TO MOTLEY FOOL.... I FOUND THEM USING GOOGLE
http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/04/27/should-you-bet-on-a-hydrogen-fuel-cell-future-2.aspx
http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/01/25/are-hydrogen-cars-about-to-take-off.aspx
OH - 2nd Article is dated RIGHT before our last price spike??
SOMETHING TELLS ME - Last price spike was Motley Fool readers.
This price spike is the real world finding out about HYSR and Artificial Leaf
Careful is..Missing the boat
You also have to take new opportunities before they take you
And when you are talking down it makes it seem as if you dont believe the technology.
We all know the price was High because of 20M volume on Friday
What will the volume be on Monday? Are the financiers going to sell cheap shares if volume drops?
There are not so many shares available in a real world understanding.
Most people who invest in this stock are made aware at private gatherings or on an individual basis.
Many are also researchers who are working on the project. The stock offering is mean to allow them to be compensated further for their contributions to the project.
We are privileged to know and have an opportunity to invest in this..
I just wanted to ask because I do not think it is fair, right, or necessary for any of us to begin trying to day trade this stock.
It is an investment vehicle. Let it appreciate.
Dont go trying to recoup your "initial investment" over night -- You are placing your vision and goals above the vision and goals of the company -- And ultimately making it costlier for their brokerages to provide us with this stock offering.
AUSTRALIA: WILL RUN H2GENERATOR'S FOR JAPAN
H2 TRANSPORT WILL BE VIA
THE CHEAPEST MOST COST EFFECTIVE METHOD
IF IT IS NOT LOCALIZED ON SITE PRODUCTION
CARGO SLOW SHIPS ARE VERY, VERY, CHEAP!
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:l_RpGn8o_VMJ:https://northernaustralia.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/online-submissions/renewableh2.docx+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us
In response, these economies have dramatically increased investment in domestic renewable energy generation. For example Japan, in 2011, introduced some of the most aggressive solar, wind and other renewable energy support subsidies in the world. This has rapidly accelerated domestic solar photovoltaic production.
However this acceleration of domestic renewable energy production has come a huge (and, arguably, unsustainable) cost.
The harsh reality for Japan and Korea is that, as with oil, gas and coal, they are renewable resource poor. The average solar resource in Japan and Korea is half that in the Pilbara. Wind resources are a fraction of those in southern Australia or the North Sea. Geothermal and hydro resources are largely exploited already. Their small land area and population density mean that land costs are prohibitive for renewable energy development on the industrial scale needed to ‘move the needle’ in these huge economies.
The PRHEP is a plan to:
generate renewable (solar) energy in the Pilbara on a major industrial scale at a world-leading low cost
store this energy as the world’s lowest cost renewable hydrogen,
ship this low-cost renewable hydrogen to Japan, Korea and Asia in the form of ammonia and LNG - using export infrastructure already existing and planned.
This plan can embed Northern Australia, and the Pilbara, firmly in the heart of Asian economic growth in the 21st century as the principal provider of low-cost, renewable hydrogen.
The PRHEP has the support of leading corporations – global, household names - in Japan, Europe and the US. The PRHEP has been developed since 2011, and is now the subject of a major feasibility study intended to lead to construction of a pilot project in 2015-16; the precursor to large-scale commercial roll-out.
The solar, electrolysis and hydrogen conversion and transport technologies to begin this new export trade with Asia exist today. They are neither novel nor untried; costs of these technologies are plummeting as global investment in renewable energy increases.
Beyond the proven technologies available today, massive investments are underway (in Asia, Europe and the US) to deliver and commercialise new technologies that will continue to drive costs down and to increase efficiencies in renewable hydrogen production, and in its conversion to ammonia and LNG for transportation in bulk.
Once intermittent solar energy has been turned into renewable H2 this gas can then be further processed into readily storable and transportable energy “vectors” for export - ammonia (NH3), liquid Hydrogen, and synthetic methane (CH4), all of which can be transported in bulk by ships to Japan, are methods available today.
CALIFORNIA ZERO EMISSIONS BUSSES: AC TRANSIT
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/03/f12/webinaraug16_peeples.pdf
HyperSolar? Market Opportunity? Si!
FLORIDA TALKS HYDROGEN + SOLAR
For those who say solar and markets are being artificially held back.
You sound foolish right now....
http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/hydrogen/basics/production-solar.htm
THE MASS MARKET is not even aware of the efficiency of our solutions yet. Just wait until we give them the marketing materials.
It will be a beautiful day when our investments potential is realized... You short sellers that think you can buy in and sell out in a short period of time, and that you somehow deserve to make money doing it? You confuse me and I think are confused yourself. Like I say - Pick your pennies from the crumbs the hedge funds will leave for you - As we say in Italy, Buon Appetito!!!!
---Excerpt---
The use of solar energy to produce hydrogen can be conducted by two processes: water electrolysis using solar generated electricity and direct solar water splitting. When considering solar generated electricity, almost everyone talks about PV-electrolysis. The process works. In fact, it was first demonstrated at the Florida Solar Energy Center in 1983 under funding through the NASA Kennedy Space Center. Though technologically doable, it is not economically viable yet. Besides cost, there is the question of why use electricity, a very efficient energy carrier, to generate hydrogen, another energy carrier, and then convert it back into electricity again for use? In other words, electricity is so valuable as electricity, our most desirable energy carrier, that we may not want to use it for anything other than that. This is especially true if electricity is made from photovoltaics. PV as an energy source matches the air-conditioning peak load of the nation's utilities. One is much better off using PV electricity as electricity since it is too wasteful to use it otherwise.
When will it make sense to make hydrogen from solar generated electricity? The answer is we will want to make hydrogen any time electricity cannot be used - off peak in remote areas, and during seasonal variations. Hydrogen from wind, hydro, geothermal or any other form of solar-generated electricity is valuable when the resource does not match the electrical grid load profile.
If solar electricity via PV-electrolysis-fuel cell does not make sense, what about PV-electrolytic hydrogen? In fact, most of the discussion about PV-electrolysis concerns hydrogen production for use as an automotive fuel. Again, this scenario does not appear to be viable. Consider the case of a hydrogen fueling station dispensing 1,000 gallons of gasoline per day, about one-half of the national average. Note that one gallon of gasoline contains just about the same amount of energy as in one kilogram (kg) of hydrogen. Thus, a fueling station will require about 1,000 kg of hydrogen per day. Using the lower heating value of hydrogen, the electrical energy needed to generate one kg of hydrogen is 51 kWh (using an electrolyzer efficiency of 65%). This means that 1,000 kg/day of hydrogen will require 51,000 kWh per day of electricity. The amount of PV needed to supply 51,000 kWh can be estimated by dividing the kWh by 5 hours/day. Thus, 10,200 kWp or 10.2 megawatts of PV power will be needed for operating a 1000 kg/day hydrogen fueling station. Note that 1 kWp requires approximately 10 square meters in area for PV at 10% efficiency.
HYSR:"Our solution will produce lowest cost renewable hydrogen available in the market today."
HyperSolar has Contracts with 2 Universitied Funded by Department of Energy's "SunShot" Initiative, a part of the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis
Wishfull1- You arent long or short you are going to day trade yourself right out of the door
Right out of your opportunity that is.
GL Daytrading what has to this point been a volatile low volume stock.
We had a 20M volume day yesterday in case you didnt know.
We are working with universities, specific departments of universities, which have been funded by the Dept of Energy under the "SunShot" initiative
We received more in funding than you spent on your education to become a successful penny stock short seller.
We arent looking for traders here we are having discussion amongst investors and trying to spread the word about HYSR.
Trust me the hedge funds will have a field day with you.
BEWARE OF DOG: TICK TOCK TO $0.13
HYSR
Sell Side is in town big here after over 50% gains shown on Friday!!
I never try to tell you to buy or sell I tell you my sentiment.
There are different times of the day that are better for buying based on the chart.
Look if its up look if its down and get 10% of the total amount you want to invest in HYSR.
IF you, like me, think it is going up faster, plan on buying 25-35% of your investment over the course of a week.
If you are really worried its going up, and you have cash burning a hole in your brokerage account after pulling out of NASDAQ stocks last month.... Buy 20% in 3 orders on After the Holiday on Monday.
In the mean time I hope sell side packs up and leaves town - its funny but depressing to see you people criticizing HYSR's run
Lets not spend our time speculating down a stock that is going to fly.
You are all predicting things you know nothing about - Put away your crystal ball.
As I understand:Technology has been ready 6 years
TECH.SECTOR is waiting for MANUFACTURING - TAXATION DECISIONS
We arent being held back by imaginary market forces that just wont let us get a fair chance.
The development of Hydrogen sales in public markets is nothing new.
I disagree on these points:
"This is running by chart only"
CONFUSED -- What are you even saying??? THIS ISN'T JUST A NICE CHART... NOT JUST A PENNY PLAY FOR YOU -- THIS IS A REAL COMPANY FUNDED AND BACKED BY MILLIONS OF DOLLARS OF ASSETS AND RESEARCH AS WELL AS VENTURE CAPITAL
"You must look at the fuel cell sector as a whole and realize that right now they are all on the the way down.."
OKAY -- ????? HYSR IS NOT THE FUELCELL SECTOR?? THAT IS BASIC MANUFACTURING, CORRECT? 3D PRINTERS WILL SOON MAKE FUEL CELLS... FUEL CELL SECTOR IS FUEL CELLS IT IS NOT REVOLUTIONARY NANO SOLAR SOLUTION JOINT PATENTED DEPT OF ENERGY FUNDED UNIVERSITY -- FUEL CELL IS NOT "ARTIFICIAL LEAF"
"even though some have products on the market and some even profitable ..they are unmistakeably apart of the new cycle(THE HYDROGEN ECONONOMY )..They will explode ..but not until it is decided by the (powers that be ).."
BRO - ARE YOU EVEN AWARE OF THE WORLD AROUND YOU????
REQUIRED READING: http://www.us.airliquide.com/
the old cycle is now on its way out which is good news for anyone investesd in the these kind of stocks .. but in the near term they will drop
YOU ARE INDECISIVE -- YOU SAY DONT INVEST, DO INVEST, WAIT TO INVEST, THEN SAY IT IS GOOD FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE INVESTED??????
i have a position in this stock which i took at .005 and will be taking more as it will likely gap down close to that again... before it rockets past its high of around 13cents.. most if not al of these stocks are being held back intentionally even though the technology is 100% ready to go..
HYSR IS NOT "BEING HELD BACK" THEY ARE PROGRESSING 100% FASTER THAN YOU CAN IMAGINE. WHEN DID BUY IN TO TSLA? YOU SEEM TO HAVE CRYSTAL BALL TELLS YOU WHEN STOCKS ARE PULLING BACK?? CAN I BORROW IT???
WHEN YOU SAY MOST IF NOT ALL OF THESE STOCKS ARE BEING HELD BACK - WHICH SPECIFIC COMPANIES ARE YOU REFERRING TO? YOU GROUP HYSR WITH OTHER COMPANIES ALTHOUGH THERE ARE NO OTHER COMPANIES THAT CAN BE GROUPED WITH HYSR BY SAYING "MOST IF NOT ALL OF THESE STOCKS [COMPANIES]" WHAT OTHER COMPANIES ARE IN "ALL OF THESE STOCKS"???
ALSO HOW DO YOU KNOW IT DOES NOT "ROCKET PAST 13 CENTS" ON TUESDAY????
and mass media is being given no info on the size and scope of whats been going on !!.. Please dont misinterpret what i am saying ..i like hysr ...just need to know as i do the big picture ..fuelcell works is a good place to start.
OK LET ME UNDERSTAND - MASS MEDIA IS NOT GIVEN INFORMATION? ARE YOU IN AMERICAN BOX OF MTV? ITS ALL ABOUT THAT BASS - H2 IS ESTABLISHED IN EUROPE AND AFRICA AS WELL AS MID EAST AND ASIA.
AMERICA DOESNT WANT TO BUY PATENTS FROM OTHERS - DO YOU EVEN UNDERSTAND THE BIG PICTURE? THATS WHY WE DEVELOPED OUR OIL -- AND THATS WHY WE FUNDED JOINT CENTER FOR ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS -- TO LEAP SKIP AND JUMP AHEAD OF NONSENSE OBSOLETE SOLAR TECH INVESTMENTS
PLEASE MAKE REASONABLE AND FACTUAL ASSERTIONS???
SINCERELY,
CONFUSED,
BLEKKO
<<Its all about that BASS>>//<<no treble>>
Interesting read...H2Generator replaces tanks and panels shown
http://www.storedsolar.com/system.html
H2Generator cells can be used inside a transparent vessel with built in functions
Or panels can be comprised of H2Generator cells as well for a different form factor
We will learn all the details of this as they are released from University of California, Santa Barbara, and the HYSR Team!!
We all expect PR by Month End or Beginning of February!!!
TRUE.. INTEL HAS THE NANO TECH FOR SURE
HYPERSOLAR BLOOMBERG PAGE UPDATED #GREENTECH2015
http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot_article.asp?ticker=HYSR
Company Description
Contact Info
32 East Micheltorena
Suite A
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
United States
Phone: 805-966-6566
Fax:
www.hypersolar.com
HyperSolar, Inc. develops and markets solar concentrator technology. The company is in the process of developing a novel solar-powered nanoparticle system that mimics photosynthesis to separate hydrogen from water. The company intends for technology of this system to be licensed for the production of renewable hydrogen to produce renewable electricity and hydrogen for fuel cells HyperSolar H2Generator To facilitate the commercial use of nanoparticle technology, the company develops a modular system that would enable the daily production and storage of hydrogen for any time use in electricity generation, oil and gas refining, fertilizer manufacturing or any other current and future applications of hydrogen. The HyperSolar H2Generator would be a self-contained renewable hydrogen production system that requires only sunlight and any source of water. Strategic Partnerships In 2012, the company entered into a one year sponsorship research agreement (SRA) with the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) to help achieve important milestones in the company’s development plan. The focus of the UCSB SRA is to accomplish the following three specific aims: develop and demonstrate inorganic coating materials that would allow conventional photovoltaic device structures to be used as photoelectrochemical conversion devices immersed in electrolyte solution; measure the electrochemical oxidation properties of several simulated and actual sampled wastewater solutions; and demonstrate hydrogen production in a device structure based on a porous alumina membrane with semiconducting materials deposited within the pores and capped with anode and cathode electrocatalysts. Intellectual Property In 2011, the company filed a provisional patent application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to protect the intellectual property rights for ‘Photoelectrochemically Active Heterostructures, Methods For Their Manufacture, And Methods And Systems For Producing Desired Products’. Disclosed in that patent application are methods for producing desired chemical products, including hydrocarbons, such as methane and other alkanes, synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen), and methanol, from carbon dioxide and oxidizable reactant compounds in wastewater as a feedstock using solar energy to drive at least a portion of the chemical reaction process. History HyperSolar, Inc. was founded in 2009. The company was incorporated in the state of Nevada in 2009.
AUSTRLIAN GOVT:ON AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS
https://agriculturalcompetitiveness.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/green_paper.pdf
FREE ENERGY FROM THEIR ABUNDANCE OF SEA WATER WILL MAKE AUSTRALIA A BOOMING ENERGY SECTOR! IMAGINE WHAT THEY CAN ACCOMPLISH!
REMEMBER: "SLOW SHIPS" FILLED WITH SHIPPING CONTAINERS IS THE MOST COST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF TRAVEL
IMAGINE POSSIBILITIES FOR H2GENERATOR POWERED CARGO SHIPS EVEN!
BIG GAME!
$HYSR LONG
AUSTRAILIAN GOV'T KEEPING TABS ON HYSR HYPERSOLAR $$$
DEPARTMENT OF PRIME MINISTER AND CABINET, ADVISORS
https://northernaustralia.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/online-submissions/t_bowring_attach_5_0.pdf
https://agriculturalcompetitiveness.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/public-submissions/ip330_terry_bowring_1_0.pdf
Energy and communication outputs. (technologies considered will gradually lead to ultimate CO2 reduction)
• Farm waste crop biomass can be converted into ethanol &/or bio-oil. Lignin from wood extraction can be converted to carbon fibre suitable for production of lightweight, strong car bodies. www.INEOSBio.com
• The canal route goes over 3 shale gas basins on route through Qld/NSW, available water can be used to
extract large volumes of gas and oil in place to meet eastern state energy demands and/or export to Asia.
• The main canal in W/Qld/NSW is a high solar input region that could enable new PV solar hydrogen from water technology to be introduced, www.HyperSolar.com ,hydrogen can produce power for wide usage.
http://www.hydrogen.co.uk/h2/solar_pv.htm what is being looked at in N/Africa could also be in Australia.
• Canal water can be economically delivered to capital city dams to replace desalinated water. Energy and
carbon savings made by so doing, could be used to reduce the cost of irrigation water to regional farms.
• Rapid location of bush fires by 24hr/day drone surveillance can enable fast water bombers to be directed to
landing strips built into canal and then sent to put out fires before they get too big to handle. This has the
potential to halve Australia’s estimated $18bn pa fire protection costs, while reducing loss of lives& homes.
• Canal fibre optic control systems can be enlarged to also carry inland broadband communications that can be transmitted to over 40 major regional inland towns. NBN savings through joint plant usage will be high.
HYDROGEN PRODUCED IN N.AFRICA USING SOLAR-POWERED PHOTO-VOLTAIC CELLS
http://www.hydrogen.co.uk/h2/solar_pv.htm
ARTICLE REFERENCES COLLABORATION WITH SPAIN:: ABGB?? Abengoa?
Just wait til they get ahold of HyperSolar H2Generator!!!
In this section we show you how to calculate the cost of solar-PV electricity in North Africa and how by using solar PV electricity and hydrogen just a small portion of the land area of North Africa could provide all of the energy needs of Europe.
Assuming we can sort out the politics, and that's a big assumption, the production of hydrogen in North Africa will probably become important in the medium term, i.e. after 2010 and after hydrogen from UK offshore wind power is well established.
But we need to start planning for this now because the political problems are so difficult. These problems will have to be dealt with by the Foreign Office and the EEC and will take years to resolve. However if there is a strong environmental and economic case for developing hydrogen production in North Africa then the political effort will be worthwhile for the benefit of all parties. If successful the development of North Africa as a major source of hydrogen for Europe could improve the well being of all the people living there and change the geopolitics of Europe and Africa.
The key to developing solar-PV electricity generation is to reduce the cost of PV cells by increasing the production volume of cells so that the benefits of mass production can be realised. At present the manufacture of both silicon wafer and amorphous silicon film PV cells is based on production in batches. When the market for PV cells is big enough then the production of amorphous silicon PV cells, or other film technologies, will be an add-on to a dedicated continuous process glass factory and the economics of mass producing glass will apply and costs will tumble. The current batch price for PV cell modules is about US$5 per peak watt whereas the target price for mass production is US$1 per peak watt. When PV cell module costs of the order of US$1 per peak watt is achieved then the economics of generating PV electricity and hydrogen in North Africa can be calculated as follows:
The cost of a PV cell module is expressed as the cost per peak watt output at standard insolation. Standard insolation ( energy from sunlight on a flat surface perpendicular to the suns rays ) is defined as 1 kW per square metre. So a PV cell module costing US$1000 of area 10 square meters with an energy conversion efficiency of 10 % will generate 10 sq.m. x 10% x 1kW/sq.m = 1kW of power when subject to standard insolation and is rated at US$1 per peak watt. ( US$1000 per peak kW )
The typical annual average insolation in North Africa is 0.25 kW per square metre, this averages out night and day and seasonal changes. Therefore in one year a PV cell module rated at US$1 per peak watt ( US$1000 per peak kW ) will generate:
365 days x 24 hours x 0.25 kW/sq.m average insolation
= 2190 kWhs of electricity per $1000 of module cost.
In addition to the cost of the PV cell module there are the costs of the support structure for the module and the wiring and controls needed to run the module and collect the electricity generated, these costs are usually called balance of system costs or BOS costs. For hydrogen production there is no need for an expensive current inverter to be included in the BOS costs because the electrolysis of water requires direct current and PV cells produce direct current. Also land values in desert areas can be set at zero. The BOS costs for PV electricity for hydrogen production would be an extra US$500 per peak kW
So the capital cost of a 1.0 kW peak module plus BOS costs is US$1500
Current PV cells have a life of 20 years so the capital plus interest cost of a 1 kW peak module plus BOS costs would be of the order of US$150 per year (depending on interest rates). As already explained a 1 kW peak cell will produce 2190 kWhs of electricity in one year in North Africa, therefore the cost of the electricity will be approximately:
US$150 x 100 / 2190 = 6.8 cents per kWh.
= 4.3 pence per kWh.
These predicted costs for PV electricity in North Africa are in the same range as the predicted costs for second generation UK offshore electricity by 2010 and so would make North Africa also a good place to manufacture hydrogen for the UK if 'Green Certificates' for the electricity used could be granted and traded internationally.
Production would have to be on a large scale to make gas pipelines to Europe viable from the start but as we will now illustrate the potential energy resource is vast and could supply the whole of Europe so is well worth considering.
With current technology the conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon PV cell modules will be approximately 10%. This means that 1 square meter of PV cell module in the desert in North Africa will yield:
365 days x 24 hours x 0.25 kW/sq.m average insolation x 10% = 219 kWhs of electrical energy per year.
The PV modules have to be spaced apart to avoid shading and for access and not all parts of an area of land will be suitable and land area is needed for other facilities at a site so assume 25% of the area of a site is the area of PV modules.
Therefore the energy yield from a site is 0.25 x 219 = 55, say 50 kWhrs per square meter per year.
The total energy requirement for transport, electricity and heating in the UK currently supplied by oil, gas, nuclear power and coal is approximately 1500 Terawatthours
(1 TWh is one thousand million kWhs )
Therefore the area of North Africa required to supply the entire energy needs of the UK using PV and hydrogen technology and assuming an efficiency of 70% for the process of using hydrogen as the energy carrier would be:
1500,000,000,000 / 0.70 x 50 x 1000 x 1000 square kilometre = 43,000 sq.kms
= 19,000 sq.miles
This is the area of a square measuring 207km by 207 km or 138 miles x 138 miles.
The areas of the four countries of North Africa nearest to Europe are as follows:
Morocco 170,000 sq.miles
Algeria 700,000 sq.miles
Tunisia 48,000 sq.miles
Libya 680,000 sq.miles
Total 1,598,000 sq.miles
For comparison, the areas of the European countries are:
England 50,000 sq.miles
France 213,000 sq.miles
Ireland (N & S) 32,000 sq.miles
Spain 194,000 sq.miles
Wales 8,000 sq.miles
Portugal 36,000 sq.miles
Scotland 30,000 sq.miles
Germany 96,000 sq.miles
Total UK 120,000
Italy 116,000 sq.miles
The calculated area of 19,000 sq. miles is only 1.2 % of the area of the four listed North African countries and so it can be seen that there is the potential to get all our energy from North Africa. It therefore makes sense to negotiate and plan to get at least some of our future energy supplies in the form of North African hydrogen. The same consideration applies to the whole of Europe and it would only be possible for the UK to get access to these supplies with the co-operation of at least France because we would need hydrogen pipelines across France.
As a first step, we should co-operate with Spain to build solar PV farms and hydrogen production facilities in S.E. Spain. These facilities could then expand into North Africa.
It is an interesting prospect.
I would expect that they become a HUGE customer with all those data centers!!!!
They have one data center energy patent to power the servers via hydroelectric generator from ocean tide coming in / out
HYSR would've a buyout target-If the university of CA would let it happen !!!! Tough to say there is so much money on the table here.. 122m in funding from Dept of Energy was split between a few universities, on top of their regular funding!
HYSR will probably face lots of regulation !!
As shareholders once we have a majority stake then things get interesting!
Then we get to start asking questions about what's best for the company and telling them we want dividends!!!
I think SLTD is going to be manufacturing partner thats why they started the company I believe and that's why they're buying out other manufacturers- to prepare for H2Generator Panels and such
Offer Stands:As Moderator update SLTD page Like HYSR
Nadir Dagli