I was reading in Umbra Compies Inc OTC Filing:
The company anticipates the need to raise $25 million over the next 12 months to service future orders it has pending. It intends to do this through a purchase order financing or a combination of debt and equity financing.
The company has plans to either file a Regulation A offering or to register for a corporate bond.
The current operations of the company can withstand the cash flow requirements for day to day operations for the entities that the company plans to absorb.
http://www.otcmarkets.com/financialReportViewer?symbol=UCIX&id=241958
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Investing Laws & Regulations
Regulation A: What Is Regulation A?
Regulation A is an exemption from registration requirements—instituted by the Securities Act—that applies to public offerings of securities that do not exceed $50 million in any one-year period. Companies utilizing the Regulation A exemption must still file offering statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). However, the companies utilizing the exemption are given distinct advantages over companies that must fully register. The issuer of a Regulation A offering must give buyers documentation with the issue, similar to the prospectus of a registered offering.
Understanding Regulation A
Typically, the advantages offered by Regulation A offerings make up for the stringent documentation requirement. Among the advantages provided by the exemption are more-streamlined financial statements without audit obligations, three possible format choices to use to arrange the offering circular, and no requirement to provide Exchange Act reports until the company has more than 500 shareholders and $10 million in assets.
Important: Regulation A is an exemption from registration requirements—instituted by the Securities Act—that apply to public offerings of securities that do not exceed $50 million in any one-year period.
Updates to Regulation A in 2015 allow companies to generate income under two different tiers. It is essential for investors interested in purchasing securities being sold by companies utilizing Regulation A to understand what tier the offering is being provided under.
Every company is now required to indicate the tier its offering is conducted under on the front of its disclosure document or offering circular. This is important because the two tiers represent two different types of investments. All offerings under Regulation A are subject to state and federal jurisdiction.
Regulation A Tier 1 vs. Regulation A Tier 2
Under tier 1, a company is permitted to offer a maximum of $20 million in any one-year period. The issuing company must also provide an offering circular, which must be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and is subject to a vetting process by the commission and securities regulators in the individual states relevant to the offering.
Key Takeaways
* Regulation A was instituted by the Securities Act.
* It applies to public offerings of securities (not to exceed $50 million) within a year.
* Regulation A was updated in 2015 to allow companies to generate income under two separate tiers representing two different types of investments.
All offerings under Regulation A are subject to state and federal jurisdiction, according to the Securities Act.
Companies issuing offerings under tier 1 are not required to produce reports continually. They are only required to issue a report on the final status of the offering.
There are some significant differences for securities offered under tier 2. Companies can offer up to $50 million in any one-year period under tier 2 but not tier 1.
While an offering circular is required and is subject to review and vetting by the SEC, it does not have to be qualified by any state securities regulators. Also, companies offering securities under tier 2 must produce continual reports on the offering, including its final status.
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/regulationa.asp
Corporation Bonds:
What Is a Corporate Bond?
A corporate bond is a type of debt security that is issued by a firm and sold to investors. The company gets the capital it needs and in return the investor is paid a pre-established number of interest payments at either a fixed or variable interest rate. When the bond expires, or "reaches maturity," the payments cease and the original investment is returned.
The backing for the bond is generally the ability of the company to repay, which depends on its prospects for future revenues and profitability. In some cases, the company's physical assets may be used as collateral.
Key Takeaways
* A corporate bond is debt issued by a company in order for it to raise capital.
* An investor who buys a corporate bond is effectively lending money to the company in return for a series of interest payments, but these bonds may also actively trade on the secondary market.
* Corporate bonds are typically seen as somewhat riskier than U.S. government bonds, so they usually have higher interest rates to compensate for this additional risk.
* The highest quality (and safest, lower yielding) bonds are commonly referred to as "Triple-A" bonds, while the least creditworthy are termed "junk".
Understanding Corporate Bonds
In the investment hierarchy, high-quality corporate bonds are considered a relatively safe and conservative investment. Investors building balanced portfolios often add bonds in order to offset riskier investments such as growth stocks. Over a lifetime, these investors tend to add more bonds and fewer risky investments in order to safeguard their accumulated capital. Retirees often invest a larger portion of their assets in bonds in order to establish a reliable income supplement.
In general, corporate bonds are considered to have a higher risk than U.S. government bonds. As a result, interest rates are almost always higher on corporate bonds, even for companies with top-flight credit quality. The difference between the yields on highly-rated corporate bonds and U.S. Treasuries is called the credit spread.
Corporate Bond Ratings
Before being issued to investors, bonds are reviewed for the creditworthiness of the issuer by one or more of three U.S. rating agencies: Standard & Poor's Global Ratings, Moody's Investor Services, and Fitch Ratings. Each has its own ranking system, but the highest-rated bonds are commonly referred to as "Triple-A" rated bonds. The lowest rated corporate bonds are called high-yield bonds due to their greater interest rate applied to compensate for their higher risk. These are also known as "junk" bonds.
Bond ratings are vital to altering investors to the quality and stability of the bond in question. These ratings consequently greatly influence interest rates, investment appetite, and bond pricing.
How Corporate Bonds Are Sold
Corporate bonds are issued in blocks of $1,000 in face or par value. Almost all have a standard coupon payment structure. Typically a corporate issuer will enlist the help of an investment bank to underwrite and market the bond offering to investors.
The investor receives regular interest payments from the issuer until the bond matures. At that point, the investor reclaims the face value of the bond. The bonds may have a fixed interest rate or a rate that floats according to the movements of a particular economic indicator.
Corporate bonds sometimes have call provisions to allow for early prepayment if prevailing interest rates change so dramatically that the company deems it can do better by issuing a new bond.
Investors may also opt to sell bonds before they mature. If a bond is sold, the owner gets less than face value. The amount it is worth is determined primarily by the number of payments that still are due before the bond matures.
Investors may also gain access to corporate bonds by investing in any number of bond-focused mutual funds or ETFs.
Why Corporations Sell Bonds
Corporate bonds are a form of debt financing. They are a major source of capital for many businesses, along with equity, bank loans, and lines of credit. They often are issued to provide the ready cash for a particular project the company wants to undertake. Debt financing is sometimes preferable to issuing stock (equity financing) because it is typically cheaper for the borrowing firm and does not entail giving up any ownership stake or control in the company.
Generally speaking, a company needs to have consistent earnings potential to be able to offer debt securities to the public at a favorable coupon rate. If a company's perceived credit quality is higher, it can issue more debt at lower rates.
When a corporation needs a very short-term capital boost, it may sell commercial paper, which is similar to a bond but typically matures in 270 days or less.
The Difference Between Corporate Bonds and Stocks
An investor who buys a corporate bond is lending money to the company. An investor who buys stock is buying an ownership share of the company.
The value of a stock rises and falls, and the investor's stake rises or falls with it. The investor may make money by selling the stock when it reaches a higher price, or by collecting dividends paid by the company, or both.
By investing in bonds, an investor is paid in interest rather than profits. The original investment can only be at risk if the company collapses.One important difference is that even a bankrupt company must pay its bondholders and other creditors first. Stock owners may be reimbursed for their losses only after all of those debts are paid in full.
Companies may also issue convertible bonds, which are able to be turned into shares of the company if certain conditions are met.
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corporatebond.asp
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