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looks like the hot money is abandoning INM...
>
may be a good time for further accumulation now for intermediate term invesors waiting for January 04 drilling results...
Thanks for the info. I'd prefer that they take their time and be sure of their targets prior to drilling even if the stock trades flat for a few more weeks. I'm actually hoping it drops a little more since I'd like to increase my position.
talked to the company today...
Rainy season in Mexico will preclude road construction/start of drilling until at lease mid-December, but should begin by the end of January... Plan to drill 10 holes (El Tesoro Project) for about $250K or so... Based on those results, should have a much better idea whether this is a mine or not... If results are good, then can expect additional 10 holes or so to be drilled immediately thereafter... These will be the first drill holes on the property, up to now just trenching. Given the 20 holes come up with positive results, can expect a scoping study in 4Q04.
INM still has no idea whether they will identify a high grade close to surface resource or a deeper and low grade resource. Still very much a crapshoot... Gold to Silver content should be around 7:1.
Rick Rule/Exploration Capital Partners has been the 25% shareholder in INM (Prudent Bear Fund is large investor in Exploration Capital). On this last PP, however, my understanding is Rick Rule did not participate and most of this PP went to individual investors so that more trading liquidity would be available. Few, if any, funds participated in this latest PP. INM management just received a healthy chunk of new options at C$.69, so current price may be a good entry point (doubt they would want options at a strike price that was too pricey...)
FWIW, INM believes recovery rates on this mine will be above 85% based on their initial tests; 85% recovery rate is high for Mexico. The INM president is a geologist rather than a finance type, which is somewhat refreshing...
Now let's assume that EVERYTHING goes right. INM uses its $2M+ cash balance and drills the 20 holes, the results are good, and a scoping study completed in 4Q 2004 identifies a 1M ounce resource (over 1M ounces is very possible, but remember less than 300K ounces is also very possible and thus this mine is NOT economic). Here are the market cap per resource ounce metrics:
The Upside
At a $7.07 market cap to resource ounce, INM would likely be a triple in share price (given they identify the 1M ounce resource, everything goes right...). Alamos (AGI) is currently trading at a $21.23 market cap to resource ounce and MFN is trading at a $50.13 market cap to resource ounce. Both Alamos & MFN are Mexico based mines (like INM) so are a very good comparable to where INM should be trading via this resource ounce metric...
The Downside
If the El Tesoro project is not economic, INM still has the 2 other mining projects as fallbacks, so the stock price should not be going to $0, worst case would likely be a 50% drop IMO.
Some comments from Claude at Ormetal (highly recommend a subscription to Ormetal Report http://www.ormetal.com/en/report.html ):
"Seven distinct zones of classic low sulphidation epithermal gold and silver mineralization in zones ranging from under one metre to over 15 metres in true width have been identified from a series of mapping and sampling programs. The zones are exposed in erosional windows as well as in numerous small gambusino workings; detailed continuous sampling has returned results of up to 9.33 grams per tonne gold and 32.6 g/t silver over 10 metres. Propertywide, the company has taken a total of 474 rock chip samples to date, with a project average of 5.18 g/t gold and 37.36 g/t silver.
Although INM has not yet defined a gold resource at El Tesoro, current exploration results suggest that the property could host a significant deposit. With only 12 millions shares issued and outstanding and near $3 millions in cash and other current assets, we are upgrading INM to a speculative buy."
IMO, the INM upside potential far exceeds the downside risk given the positive trenching results to date. INM is still very much a crapshoot, but the risk reward ratio is very appealing for risk tolerant investors.
well, the good news is they think C$.69 is a good strike price to get their new options...
the bad news is of course more dilution...
could you add this link to the i-box info for INM please...
http://www.sedar.com/command_servlet?cmd=DisplayCompanyDocuments&issuerNo=00004742&lang=EN
Int'l Northair grants options, amends stock option plan
2003-10-21 16:51 ET - Options Proposed
Mr. Fred Hewett reports
NORTHAIR ANNOUNCES GRANT OF STOCK OPTIONS AND AMENDMENT OF STOCK OPTION PLAN
International Northair Mines has granted additional incentive stock options under its stock option plan to directors and employees exercisable for 685,000 shares of the company. The options are exercisable on or before Oct. 21, 2008, at a price of 69 cents per share.
Aug 31 quarterly now out...
http://www.northair.com/international/images/INM%202Q%202004.pdf
http://www.macreport.net/ram_meta_files/inm.ram
I consider the trading to be bullish but the fireworks won't really go off until we get good drill results. It would be nice to see the results of the channel sampling confirmed by the drilling...
It's not really a fair comparison but the INM chart has a similar formation to that of Committe Bay before it took off. Claude's recent ability to feature stocks that triple is uncanny.
I have no experience in buying TSX companies from the US so I can't answer that. Good luck though.
Question is, how do you actually buy this stock? From within the US, buy orders are not being recognized. Is this really a matter of no shares for sale or is something else going on?
Nice trench results released today.
http://www.siliconinvestor.com/stocktalk/msg.gsp?msgid=19223490
From the last financial report it looks like they have about $670,000 cash plus a bunch of securities. Notably, 260,000 Stornaway and 105,250 Northern Empire.
News out on Thursday:
Excellent Results Received from El Tesoro Trenching
7/10/03
and Sampling Program
Includes 10 metres of 9.0 g/t, 3 metres of 27.0 g/t and 24 metres
of 2.61 g/t Gold
International Northair Mines Ltd. is pleased to announce that assay results have been received from the first phase of a trenching and detailed sampling program on the Company's El Tesoro Project. The El Tesoro Project is located in the state of Durango, Mexico, and comprises approximately 1000 hectares covering a complex structural belt that is at least 2.5 kilometres long and in excess of 600 metres in width. Within this belt, the Company's exploration team has identified seven distinct zones of mineralization containing significant gold and silver values.
The current program is designed to determine the width and average grades of mineralization of these zones by taking continuous one metre samples perpendicular to strike in a variety of locations throughout the property. Assays have been received from eleven lines of chip channel samples from the A, B and C Zones and are summarized below. Results from the ongoing program will be released on a timely basis.
SUMMARYZONE SAMPLE INTERVAL AVERAGE AVERAGE COMMENTS LINE (m) GOLD SILVER (G/T) (G/T) A 1 2 18.88 168.0 Underground workings. Open mineralization on foot wall. No additional exposure available for sampling. 2 3 27.00 145.3 Underground workings. Open mineralization on foot wall. No additional exposure available for sampling. Distance along strike between sample lines in A Zone is 70 metres. Zonetraced along strike in underground workings overapproximately 100 metres, and open in both directions B 3 5 9.33 32.6 Combination of underground and 4 1.31 8.8 workings and surface within 24 2.61 15.2 trench. Open mineralization on foot wall (underground). No additional exposure available for sampling. 4 7 4.67 38.3 Surface trench. Includes 2 and 1 5.85 33.0 distinct parallel within 27 1.86 18.1 mineralized zones. 5 2 20.88 171.0 Surface trench. Open both directions. Scheduled for additional sampling. 6 10 9.00 67.9 Surface trench. Open both directions. Scheduled for additional sampling. 7 4 7.02 41.8 Underground workings. Open both directions. No additional exposure available for sampling. 8 6 5.18 34.7 Underground workings. Open and 7 7.32 36.4 both directions. No additional exposure available for sampling. 9 7 3.24 21.9 Surface trench. Open both directions. Scheduled for additional sampling. Distance along strike between northern & southern sample lines in BZone is 75 metres. Zone traced along strike on surface and in undergroundworkings over approximately 150 metres, and open in both directions. C 10 4 6.99 49.0 Combination of underground workings & surface trench. Open in one direction. Scheduled for additional sampling. 11 7 10.46 43.6 Surface trench.
The results from the program demonstrate impressive grades of gold and silver mineralization over significant widths. The sampling was completed from rock exposures developed through a combination of hand trenches and existing outcrops, as well as in cross-cuts within old mine workings. Where possible, the sample lines terminated in each direction in unmineralized rock. Some lines however, currently remain open within mineralization, and were either terminated due to lack of exposure, or are scheduled for additional sampling.
Due to very limited outcrop and thick post-mineral cover in the A Zone, sampling was restricted to underground workings. These small gambusino working do not adequately expose true widths of mineralization, and further testing will be required by mechanical trenching and drilling. The B Zone contains impressive widths of mineralization in complex sub-parallel structures intersected by numerous cross-cutting faults. In the C Zone, only two lines of continuous sampling have been completed to date, with excellent results. The zone has been traced along surface with intermittent outcrops over approximately 600 metres.
The exploration program is under the direction of Mr. Jim Robinson, Vice President of the Company, who is a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101. Assaying to date has been performed by ALS Chemex Laboratories in Vancouver with sample preparation at their facilities in Hermosilla, Mexico. Gold assays are performed on a 50 grain fire assay using a gravimetric finish. The Company maintains a quality control program in the preparation, shipping and checking of all samples from the property.
Application has been made to the appropriate local and government agencies for the permits necessary to construct additional roads, drill pads and to conduct mechanical trenching in preparation for a drilling program. We will continue to keep shareholders informed about results from this project, as well as results from the ongoing generative exploration program elsewhere in Mexico.
For more information on the company including a map showing zone locations at El Tesoro, see the Company website at www.northair.com/international.
ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD,
INTERNATIONAL NORTHAIR MINES LTD.
'Fred G. Hewett'
President
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT THE COMPANY AT 1-604-687-7545 or Toll Free 1-888-338-2200
Internet: http://www.northair.com/international/
The TSX Venture Exchange has not reviewed and does not accept responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this press release. This news release may contain forward looking statements which are not historical facts, such as ore reserve estimates, anticipated production or results, sales, revenues, costs, or discussions of goals and exploration results, and involves a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, metal price volatility, volatility of metals production, project development, ore reserve estimates, future anticipated reserves and cost engineering estimate risks, geological factors and exploration results.
See the Company's AIF Report and filings for a more detailed discussion of factors that may impact expected results.
CONTACT: TEL: (604) 687-7545 International Northair Mines Ltd.
FAX: (604) 689-5041
There is a good summary of the share structure on their website:
http://www.northair.com/international/corpdata.html
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Inmed Pharmaceuticals (IMN) Company Spotlight
A drug discovery and development company uniquely focused on the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. InMed Pharmaceuticals is a pre-clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that specializes in developing novel therapies through the research and development into the extensive pharmacology of cannabinoids coupled with innovative drug delivery systems. InMed is utilizing its proprietary bioinformatics assessment tool to identify bioactive compounds within the cannabis plant that have the potential to have physiological impacts on specific diseases. The goal is to identify new drug candidates that optimize therapeutic benefit while limiting adverse effects. InMed’s proprietary in silico drug/disease bioinformatics assessment tool, cannabinoid biosynthesis technology and drug development pipeline are the fundamental value drivers of the Company.
Investment Highlights
Bioinformatics: Proprietary Drug / Disease Targeting Tool
InMed’s has developed a computer-based program to assist in the identification of novel cannabinoids using: (i) comprehensive algorithms to integrate data from numerous bioinformatics databases, (ii) a database on the structure of currently approved pharmaceutical products, and (iii) an extensive database on over 90 individual cannabinoid drugs found in cannabis. InMed’s data included in its bioinformatics assessment tool are derived from both public and propriety based sources and include information on: Protein-Protein interactions, Gene Regulation, Epigenetic modification, Cell signal networks, and Metabolomics
Biosynthesis
Most of us are familiar with the two main bio-active ingredients produced by the cannabis (marijuana) plant, namely THC and CBD. In reality, however, there are 90+ cannabinoids in the plant that could have medical value but are too hard to research due to the fact that they only appear in trace amounts in each plant. InMed has developed, patented, and intends to commercialize a process for producing all 90+ cannibinoids using genetically engineered bacteria to create bioidentical copies of these substances. Not only is their process less costly but it also produces these cannabinoids in large quantities at pharmaceutical-grade purity. The following link provides a clear explanation of the process in laymen's terms.
Biosynthesis: The Science That May Unlock the Medical Potential of Cannabis
InMed is building a robust product pipeline through its proprietary discovery platform and research & product development programs. The company continues to seek innovative product candidates for the treatment in following therapeutic areas:
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InMed's pipeline currently includes two drug candidates in preclinical development: INM-750 for the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa (EB); and INM-085 for the treatment of glaucoma.
INM-750
Referred to as "The Worst Disease You've Never Heard Of," EB is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder that affects roughly one out of every 20,000 births in the United States. Through the development of INM-750, InMed is attempting to address this significant unmet medical need, for which there is no approved treatment or cure. INM-750 replaces missing keratins in the skin with specially selected cannabinoids in an effort to modulate the painful manifestations of EB.
Market Potential - Amicus Therapeutics recently acquired Scioderm, Inc. and its lead EB drug candidate, Zorblisa™, for $847 million. Notably, Scioderm's sole clinical asset was Zorblisa.
JP Morgan and Cowen Research Reports estimate that peak sales for Zorblisa could reach $900 million to $1.2 billion.
INM-085
INM-085 is formulated to reduce the elevated intra-ocular pressure that is often associated with glaucoma. Additionally, the cannabinoids utilized in INM-085 are expected to provide neuroprotection for the retinal ganglion cells and other optic nerve tissues following topical administration. Although it is still in preclinical development, INM-085 targets a sizable market. According to the Glaucoma Research Foundation, glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with no approved cure.
Market Potential - The National Institutes of Health estimates that more than 3 million Americans currently have glaucoma, and more than 120,000 have been blinded by the disease. Worldwide, glaucoma represents a market of $5.6 billion.
Leadership
InMed's management team has well over a century of combined experience in the biopharmaceutical space. Together, the professionals comprising this team are guiding InMed into exciting opportunities in the cannabis-pharma sector.
Eric A. Adams, President & CEO
Eric Adams is a seasoned biopharmaceutical executive with over 25 years of experience in company and capital formation, global market development, mergers & acquisitions, licensing and corporate governance. Mr. Adams previously served as CEO at enGene Inc., which he led from a nascent start-up to becoming a venture capital-backed leader in gene therapy. Prior to enGene, he held key senior roles in global market development with QLT Inc. (Vancouver), Advanced Tissues Science Inc. (La Jolla), Abbott Laboratories (Chicago), and Fresenius AG (Germany). Mr. Adams is well regarded in the Canadian biotech industry for his service as a strategic advisor to a number of early-stage biotech companies, as a previous Chairman of BIOTECanada's Emerging Company Advisory Board and for his extensive generosity in mentoring biotech entrepreneurs.
He is a dual citizen of Canada and the United States and holds a Masters of International Business from the University of South Carolina and a Bachelors in Chemistry from the University of Southern Indiana aerospace industry, most recently with Metal Form, Inc., a privately held aerospace manufacturing company, where he served as president and CEO from 1987 to September of 1999.
Dr. Sazzad Hossain, Ph.D., M.Sc., Chief Scientific Officer
Dr. Sazzad Hossain has more than 20 years of academic and industrial experience in new drug discovery, natural health product development. He was Group Leader and Senior Scientist at Biotechnology Research Institute of National Research Council Canada, Government of Canada's prime biotechnology research organization where he set up pharmacology laboratory to evaluate safety and efficacy of new drugs under development in the areas of cancer, cardiovascular and ocular diseases. Prior to joining the National Research Council Canada, he was at Xenon Pharmaceuticals in Vancouver, B.C, where was Associate Director of Pharmacology and led pharmacology teams targeting pain, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Dr. Hossain received his PhD in Biology from Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine & Biotechnology and received post-doctoral training in the Department of Nutritional Science and Department of Medical Genetics of University of British Columbia. He was associate professor of pharmacology at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil between 1988 -1996. He is the author of more than 40 peer-reviewed papers, primarily in the pharmacology, genetics and nutritional sciences.
Dr. Ado Muhammed, MD, DPM, MFPM, Chief Medical Officer
Dr. Ado Muhammed is a proven leader in the development of cannabinoid therapies, having played a strategic role in the clinical development, R&D, and commercialization of these specialty drugs. His previous position was Associate Medical Director at GW Pharmaceuticals, a UK-based Pharmaceutical Company specializing in the development of cannabinoid based prescription medicines. In this role and others at GW Pharmaceuticals, Dr. Muhammed was involved in the advanced delivery of core clinical research and was involved in key decision-making regarding R&D and product commercialization. Dr. Muhammed's received his MD at Ahmadu Bello University followed by an MSc in Orthopaedics at University College London. Dr. Muhammed achieved a DipPharMed in Pharmaceutical Medicine at University of Wales in Cardiff followed by an MBA in Business Administration at the University of Leicester. He is Member, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine (Royal College of Physicians of England), the British Association of Pharmaceutical Physicians and the International Society for Pharmacovigilance.
Alexandra D.J. Mancini, M.Sc., Senior Vice President, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs
Alexandra Mancini has over 30 years' of global biopharmaceutical R&D experience with a particular emphasis on clinical development and regulatory affairs. Ms. Mancini has been an executive with several biotech companies, overseeing a wide range of drug development activities. As Sr. VP of Clinical & Regulatory Affairs at Sirius Genomics, her role included identifying and managing external resources for medical expertise in sepsis; clinical data management; and statistical theory, programming and analyses. While at INEX Pharmaceuticals as Sr. VP of Clinical & Regulatory Affairs, Ms. Mancini oversaw Clinical Research, Medical Affairs, Clinical Data Management, Medical Writing, Regulatory Affairs, and Quality Assurance for oncology. She served as VP of Regulatory Affairs at QLT Inc. for oncology and ocular diseases, playing a significant role in the development of VISUDYNER from the preclinical stage through to its approval as the first drug for age-related macular degeneration. While at QLT, Ms. Mancini also led the regulatory approval process for the anticancer drug PHOTOFRINR and its associated medical devices, the first drug-device combination product approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Ms. Mancini has led the data analysis and assimilation, writing, submission and subsequent defense of drug submissions to regulatory agencies around the world, leading to several drug approvals and label extensions. Ms. Mancini holds a Master of Science degree from the University of Toronto. She is also a Visiting Lecturer at the Segal Graduate School of Business, Simon Fraser University.
Jeff Charpentier, CFO, Chief Financial Officer
Jeff Charpentier is a veteran of the biopharmaceutical industry with over 25 years of experience. Jeff has held a series of senior financial roles at several public and private companies in the pharmaceutical and technology sectors where he led multiple equity financings, raising in excess of $150M and concluded a number of corporate partnering/product sale transactions. Jeff previously served as CFO for Lifebank Corp. (through to successful company sale in 2012), Inex Pharmaceuticals Corporation (now Arbutus Biopharma Corp.), and Chromos Molecular Systems Inc. Jeff has a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the University of British Columbia and is a member of the Chartered Professional Accountants of BC.
InMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | NetworkNewsWire |
NetworkNewsWire is a moderator of this board. Please see disclaimer on the NetworkNewsWire website: https://www.networknewswire.com/disclaimer/
InMed Pharmaceuticals is a pre-clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that specializes in developing therapies through the Research and Development into the extensive pharmacology of cannabinoids coupled with innovative drug delivery systems.
Corporate Presentation
https://www.inmedpharma.com/site/assets/files/1343/jan-cp-2017-2.pdf
InMed Pharmaceuticals is currently developing two products in its drug pipeline: INM-750, for the treatment of Epidermolysis Bullosa, and INM-085, for the treatment of Glaucoma.
Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is group of inherited connective tissue diseases that share a common manifestation of extremely fragile skin that blisters or tears easily from friction or trauma. Internal organs and bodily systems can also be affected by EB. It is a result in a defect of anchoring between the dermis and epidermis cause most frequently by the absence of certain keratins (or, proteins) in the skin. EB is an orphan disease with no currently approved treatments and has a significant unmet medical need. INM-750 will potentially be the first therapy designed and developed specifically to modulate disease activity and to alleviate symptoms in EB.
INM-750 includes multiple cannabinoids as the active ingredients:
INM-085
Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders which result in damage of the optic nerve. The damage is most often caused by an abnormally high pressure in the eye and is one of the leading causes of blindness in the developed world.
INM-085 will be the first ever glaucoma treatment developed that is a multi-target, multi-mechanism of action therapy, utilizing multiple cannabinoids for optimal efficacy. The cannabinoids in INM-085 have been selected to reduce the elevated intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in the affected eyes and provide neuroprotection for the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and other optic nerve tissues. INM-085 is designed as a topical formulation to be administered directly to the eye. The formulation that has been designed by InMed is a proprietary polymer-based formulation to facilitate absorption of the cannabinoids into the eye while also being well tolerated by the patients. We envision a once-a-day application, at bedtime, to deliver effective dose levels of INM-085.
Proposed Targets to Develop Drugs From Cannabis and Other Botanical Sources
Dermatology
Ocular
Pain and Inflammation
CNS
Respiratory
Metabolic Disease
The majority of pharmaceutical and academic research & development activities being performed with cannabis revolves around the understanding of its biologically active ingredients, the Cannabinoids
Currently there are 90+ cannabinoids that have been isolated from cannabis, each affecting the body’s cannabinoid receptors and responsible for unique pharmacological effects.
There are three general types of cannabinoids: herbal cannabinoids which occur uniquely in the cannabis, endogenous cannabinoids produced in the bodies of humans and animals and synthetic cannabinoids produced in the laboratory.
Cannabinoid Receptors
Before the 1980s, it was often speculated that cannabinoids produced their effects through nonspecific interaction with cell membranes, instead of interacting with specific receptors. The discovery of the first cannabinoid receptors in the 1980s helped to clarify their role. These receptors are common in animals, and have been found in mammals, birds, fish and reptiles. There are currently two known types of cannabinoid receptors, called CB1 and CB2.
CB1 receptors are found primarily in the brain, specifically in the basal ganglia and in the limbic system, including the hippocampus. They are also found in the cerebellum and in both male and female reproductive systems. CB1 receptors are essentially absent in the medulla oblongata, the part of the brain that is responsible for respiratory and cardiovascular functions. Thus, there is not a risk of respiratory or cardiovascular failure as there is with many other drugs. CB1 receptors appear to be responsible for the euphoric and anticonvulsive effects of cannabis.
CB2 receptors are almost exclusively found in the immune system, with the greatest density in the spleen. CB2 receptors appear to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory and possibly other therapeutic effects of cannabis.
The protein sequences of these two receptors are about 45% similar. In addition, minor variations in each receptor have been identified. There is some indication that other receptors exist, but none have been confirmed. Cannabinoids bind reversibly and stereo-selectively to the cannabinoid receptors. The affinity of an individual cannabinoid to each receptor determines the effect of that cannabinoid. Cannabinoids that bind more selectively to certain receptors are more desirable for medical usage.
Herbal Cannabinoids
Herbal cannabinoids are nearly insoluble in water but soluble in lipids, alcohols and other non-polar organic solvents. All herbal cannabinoids are derived from their respective 2-carboxylic acids (2-COOH) by decarboxylation that is, catalyzed by heat, light, or alkaline conditions. Herbal cannabinoids occur naturally only in the cannabis plant, and are concentrated in a viscous resin that is produced in glandular structures known as trichomes. In addition to cannabinoids, the resin is rich in terpenes, which are largely responsible for the odor of the cannabis plant.
There are over ninety known herbal cannabinoids. Of these, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most prevalent and have received the most attemtion. Other common cannabinoids include:
CBG | Cannabigerol |
CBC | Cannabichromene |
CBL | Cannabicyclol |
CBN | Cannabidiol |
CBV | Cannabivarol |
THCV | Tetrahydrocannabivarin |
CBDV | Cannabidivarin |
CBCV | Cannabichromevarin |
CBGV | Cannabigerovarin |
CBGM | Cannabigerol Monoethyl Ether |
THC is the primary psychoactive component of the plant. Medically, it appears to mediate pain and to be neuroprotective. THC has a greater affinity for the CB1 receptor than for the CB2 receptors. Its effects are perceived to be more cerebral. CBD is not psychoactive, and appears to mediate the euphoric effect of THC. It may decrease the rate of THC clearance from the body, perhaps by interfering with the metabolism of THC in the liver. Medically, it appears to relieve convulsion, inflammation, anxiety, and nausea. CBD has a greater affinity for the CB2 receptor than for the CB1 receptor. It is perceived to have more effect on the torso than on the brain or CNS. Cannabinoids were first discovered in the 1940s. The structure of THC was first determined in 1964. Due to molecular similarity and ease of synthetic conversion, it was originally believed that CBD was a natural precursor to THC. However, it is now known that CBD and THC are produced independently in the cannabis plant. Cannabis plants can exhibit wide variation in the quantity and type of cannabinoids they produce. The mixture of cannabinoids produced by a plant is known as the plant’s cannabinoid profile. Selective breeding has been used to control the genetics of plants and modify the cannabinoid profile. For example, strains of hemp, which are used as fiber, are bred such that they are low in psychoactive chemicals like THC. Strains used in medicine are often bred for high CBD content, and strains used for recreational purposes are usually bred for high THC content, or for a specific chemical balance. Some strains of more than 20% THC have been created. Cannabinoids can be administered by: smoking, vaporizing, oral ingestion, transdermal patch, intravenous injection, sublingual absorption, or rectal suppository. Once in the body, most cannabinoids are metabolized in the liver, although some is stored in fat. Cannabinoids can be separated from the plant by extraction with organic solvents. However, to produce high purity, cannabinoid chemical synthesis or semisynthesis is generally required.
University of British Columbia
Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering
Vancouver Campus
2360 East Mall
Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Vancouver Campus
2405 Westbrook Mall
Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
University of Debrecen
Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
1H-4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98
Hungary
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