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ool Chips plc, founded in 1997, is a publicly traded, European company dedicated to developing and commercializing the Cool Chip™ technology. Cool Chips, which are very small, solid-state heat pumps, are designed to replace conventional compressors virtually everywhere they are used.
Cool Chips plc is a subsidiary of Borealis Exploration Limited. Cool Chips benefits from the patents and other Intellectual Property (IP) developed by Borealis through the worldwide exclusive license of the Cool Chips technology.
Business Model:
Cool Chips plc is focused on the development of the Cool Chips™ technology, and our business model is designed to allow continued dedication to this task. Consequently, though there is lab-scale production of Cool Chips prototypes today, commercial fabrication expected to be split between in-house assembly for specific high-value markets, and sub-contracted assembly for mass markets. Sub-contracting will use the "fabless" model adopted by many major semiconductor design companies.
Cool Chips are being licensed to market leaders in industries ranging from aerospace to white goods, with each industry representing well over $1 billion annually in potential sales. For each of these markets, licenses are expected to be exclusive. For example, if Cool Chips plc licensed the rights to use Cool Chips for domestic freezers to the fictitious "Freezercorp", then only Freezercorp could sell domestic freezers which use Cool Chips.
A licensee could then in turn sub-license to its competitors, if it chose to do so. But the license from Cool Chips means that the technology will not be available to any licensee's competitors unless that licensee decides to make it available.
This model allows every company involved to focus on its core competency. Cool Chips plc focuses on development and optimization of the technology. The manufacturer, which will be drawn from the semiconductor industry, will focus on cost-effective and high-yield manufacture of a single core component. The licensee, meanwhile, continues to do what it does best -- assembling products, distributing, selling and servicing them as it does today.
This model is attractive to Cool Chips plc because revenues will be based on license fees and royalties, allowing us to focus on further development. It is attractive to licensees because they have the opportunity to sell a vastly superior product at a competitive price, often in a market which was previously commoditized. Finally, it is attractive to manufacturers, because it allows them to generate revenue from disused or under-utilized fabrication facilities.
Cool Chips plc
Cool Chips is based in Gibraltar, which is a British Crown Colony located in Southern Europe. Gibraltar is situated between Spain and Morocco, at the gateway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Gibraltar has been a member of the European Union since 1973.
Gibraltar is an excellent location for Cool Chips plc. Gibraltar law and accounting standards are based on and closely related to that of English Common Law and UK GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). Coupled with these benefits is Gibraltar's tax efficient environment. Cool Chips plans to be highly profitable, and a tax efficient environment will allow our shareholders to maximize the return on their investment.
What is Cooling with Electrons?
"Hot" and "cold" are words we use to describe the presence (or absence) of heat. Heat is best described as energy contained within something else. So a cup of hot coffee has more energy than that same cup an hour later, after much of the heat has dissipated.
The energy which makes up "heat" is the kinetic energy of the atoms which carry the heat. So if the atoms in the cup of coffee are very active, the coffee is "hot". If the atoms become less active, the coffee is "cold". And if the atoms get cold enough so that the atoms are no longer in a fluid form, the coffee freezes into a solid.
While atoms in a solid themselves tend to be pretty immobile, the sub-atomic particles within them are always moving. At any temperature above absolute zero, electrons are constantly in motion, spinning around the atom, but also (especially in metals) swapping places with the electrons of surrounding atoms.
Of course, some electrons have high energy, while some electrons have low energy. The low energy electrons are cold, while the high energy electrons are hot.
Cooling with electrons involves encouraging the high energy electrons to escape, bringing in low energy electrons to replace them. It is analogous to removing the loudest people from a party: the party gets quieter.
What makes Cool Chips special?
There are other technologies which use electron migration to reduce heat. These fall under the rubric of "thermoelectrics". These technologies all use special materials and geometries to move the hottest electrons to one side, keeping the coldest electrons at the other.
The biggest problem with thermoelectrics is that while electrons are used to carry heat in one direction, the material itself returns most of that heat through conduction!
Cool Chips are special because the electrons move across a gap -- and that gap, since it is not a solid, is an excellent insulator. Once heat is trapped on one side, it cannot easily return.
How do we get the electrons to move across the gap?
The difficulty in getting lots of electrons to flow across a gap is that electrons do not naturally leave their atoms to go into space. Electrons do jump around a lot (it is called tunneling), but those jumps are pretty short, from one to ten nanometers, or just a few billionths of a meter long.
Researchers at Cool Chips plc have figured out how to get electrons to move off a surface more easily; called the Avto Metal technology, materials emit electrons more easily than they otherwise would. With the addition of a voltage bias, which encourages the electrons to move in a given direction, the heat is then transferred from one side to the other. And because there is a gap between the two materials, the heat cannot simply flow back!
Once these devices become commercially available, they will not only revolutionize the industries of refrigeration and cooling, but all of those industries that depend on them.
| Cool Chips Plc Suite 3G, Eurolife Building 1 Corral Road PO Box 575 Gibraltar
| Cool Chips plc has invented and developed the Cool Chip, an efficient, solid-state technology for producing cooling, refrigeration, and air conditioning. The company is a majority-owned subsidiary of Borealis Exploration Limited. |
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