https://ih.advfn.com/stock-market/NASDAQ/antigenics-AGEN/stock-news/79891931/quarterly-report-10-q
"Overview
We are a clinical-stage immuno-oncology (“I-O”) company with a pipeline of immune modulating antibodies, vaccines, adjuvants and adoptive cell therapies - dedicated to becoming a leader in the discovery and development of innovative combination therapies and committed to bringing effective medicines to patients with cancer. Our business is designed to drive success in I-O through speed, innovation and effective combination therapies. We believe that combination therapies and a deep understanding of each patient’s cancer will drive substantial expansion of the patient population benefiting from current I-O therapies. In addition to a diverse pipeline, we have assembled fully integrated end-to-end capabilities including novel target discovery, antibody generation, cell line development and good manufacturing practice (“GMP”) manufacturing. We believe that these fully integrated capabilities enable us to produce novel candidates on timelines that are shorter than the industry standard. Leveraging our science and capabilities, we have forged important partnerships to advance our innovation.
We are developing a comprehensive I-O portfolio driven by the following platforms and programs, which we intend to utilize individually and in combination:
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our antibody discovery platforms, including our Retrocyte Display™, SECANT ® yeast display, and phage display technologies designed to drive the discovery of future CPM antibody candidates;
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our antibody candidate programs, including our CPM programs;
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our vaccine programs, including Prophage™, AutoSynVax™ and PhosPhoSynVax ™;
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our saponin-based vaccine adjuvants, principally our QS-21 Stimulon ® adjuvant, or QS-21 Stimulon; and
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our cell therapy subsidiary, AgenTus Therapeutics, Inc. (“AgenTus Therapeutics”), which is designed to drive the discovery of future adoptive cell therapy, or “living drugs” (CAR-T and TCR) programs.
We assess development, commercialization and partnering strategies for each of our product candidates periodically based on several factors, including pre-clinical and clinical trial results, competitive positioning and funding requirements and resources. As such, we have recently shifted our strategy for first approval from lung cancer to cervical cancer based on increasing competition and recent data that would have hindered our ability to pursue accelerated pathways for approval. We are currently advancing our own combination of CTLA-4 and PD-1 antibodies in second line cervical cancer.
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We have formed collaborations with companies such as Incyte Corporation (“Incyte”), Merck Sharpe & Dohme (“Merck”) and Recepta Biopharma SA (“Recepta”). Through these alliances, as well as our own internal programs, we currently have more than a dozen anti body programs in pre-clinical or clinical development, including our anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibody programs (both partnered with Recepta for certain South America territories) and anti-GITR and anti-OX40 antibody programs (both partnered with Incyte). In February 2017, we amended our collaboration agreement with Incyte to, among other things, convert the GITR and OX40 programs from profit-share to royalty-bearing programs, and there are no longer any profit-share programs remaining under the collaborat ion. Pursuant to the amended agreement, we received accelerated milestone payments of $20.0 million from Incyte related to the clinical development of INCAGN1876 (anti-GITR agonist) and INCAGN1949 (anti-OX40 agonist). Concurrent with the execution of the a mendment, we and Incyte also entered into the Stock Purchase Agreement whereby Incyte purchased an additional 10 million shares of our common stock at $6.00 per share, resulting in additional proceeds of $60.0 million to us. On September 20, 2018, we, thro ugh our wholly-owned subsidiary, Agenus Royalty Fund, LLC, entered into a Royalty Purchase Agreement (the “XOMA Royalty Purchase Agreement”) with XOMA (US) LLC (“XOMA”). Pursuant to the terms of the XOMA Royalty Purchase Agreement, XOMA paid us $15.0 milli on at closing in exchange for the right to receive 33% of the future royalties and 10% of the future milestones that we are entitled to receive from Incyte and Merck, net of certain of our obligations to a third party. After taking into account our obligat ions under the XOMA Royalty Purchase Agreement, as of March 31, 2019 , we remain eligible to receive up to $450.0 million and $85.5 million in potential development, regulatory and commercial milestones from Incyte and Merck, respectively.
In December 2018, we entered into a series of agreements with Gilead Sciences, Inc. (“Gilead”) to collaborate on the development and commercialization of up to five novel I-O therapies. Pursuant to the collaboration agreements, we received an upfront cash payment from Gilead of $120.0 million following the closing in January 2019 and a milestone payment of $7.5 million in March 2019. We are eligible to receive up to an additional $1.7 billion in aggregate potential fees and milestones. At closing, Gilead received worldwide exclusive rights to our bispecific antibody, AGEN1423 (now GS-1423). Gilead also received the exclusive option to license exclusively AGEN1223, a bispecific antibody, and AGEN2373, a monospecific antibody. We filed an IND for AGEN1423 (now GS-1423) and are planning to file INDs for AGEN1223 and AGEN2373 in mid-2019. We are responsible for developing the option programs up to the option decision points, at which time Gilead may acquire exclusive rights to the programs on option exercise. For either, but not both, of the option programs, we have the right to opt-in to share Gilead’s development and commercialization costs in the United States in exchange for a profit (loss) share on a 50:50 basis and revised milestone payments. Gilead also received the right of first negotiation for two additional, undisclosed preclinical programs. At the closing, Gilead also purchased 11,111,111 shares of Agenus common stock for $30.0 million pursuant to a stock purchase agreement.
In addition to our antibody platforms and CPM programs, we are also advancing a series of vaccine programs to treat cancer. In January 2017, we announced a clinical trial collaboration with the National Cancer Institute (“NCI”), which is a double-blind, randomized controlled Phase 2 trial that is evaluating the effect of our autologous vaccine candidate, Prophage, in combination with pembrolizumab (Keytruda ® , Merck) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Under this collaboration, we are supplying Prophage, Merck is supplying pembrolizumab and the NCI and Brain Tumor Trials Collaborative member sites are recruiting patients and conducting the trial.
Our QS-21 Stimulon adjuvant is partnered with GlaxoSmithKline (“GSK”) and is a key component in multiple GSK vaccine programs. These programs are in various stages, with the most advanced being GSK’s shingles vaccine, Shingrix. In October 2017, GSK’s shingles vaccine was approved in the United States by the FDA. In January 2018, we entered into a Royalty Purchase Agreement with Healthcare Royalty Partners III, L.P. and certain of its affiliates (together, “HCR”), pursuant to which HCR purchased 100% of our worldwide rights to receive royalties from GSK on GSK’s sales of vaccines containing our QS-21 Stimulon adjuvant. We do not incur clinical development costs for products partnered with GSK. Pursuant to our agreement with HCR, we are entitled to receive up to $40.35 million in milestone payments based on GSK’s sales of Shingrix as follows: (i) $15.1 million upon reaching $2.0 billion last-twelve-months net sales any time prior to 2024 and (ii) $25.25 million upon reaching $2.75 billion last-twelve-months net sales any time prior to 2026. We are also obligated to pay HCR approximately $25.9 million in 2021 if neither of the following Shingrix sales milestones are achieved: (i) 2019 sales exceed $1.0 billion or (ii) 2020 sales exceed $1.75 billion. GSK began selling Shingrix commercially in the fourth quarter of 2017. In February 2019, GSK reported that Shingrix sales for 2018, its first full year on the market, were over $1.0 billion.
Our business activities include product research and development, intellectual property prosecution, manufacturing, regulatory and clinical affairs, corporate finance and development activities, and support of our collaborations. Our product candidates require clinical trials and approvals from regulatory agencies, as well as acceptance in the marketplace. Part of our strategy is to develop and commercialize some of our product candidates by continuing our existing arrangements with academic and corporate collaborators and licensees and by entering into new collaborations.
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In 2017, we announced the launch of a subsidiary that is advancing our cell therapy business, AgenTus Therapeutics. The subsidiary is focused on t he discovery, development, and commercialization of breakthrough “living drugs” to advance cures for cancer patients. AgenTus Therapeutics licenses intellectual property assets from Agenus and has its own management and governance......[more]
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