Tuesday, January 08, 2013 10:35:37 AM
Discovery Of Protein That Could Be Key To Fighting And Preventing Obesity
Article Date: 08 Jan 2013 - 1:00 PST
University of Florida researchers and colleagues have identified a protein that, when absent, helps the body burn fat and prevents insulin resistance and obesity.
The findings from the National Institutes of Health-funded study were published online ahead of print in the journal Nature Medicine.
http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nm.3056.html
The discovery could aid development of drugs that not only prevent obesity, but also spur weight loss in people who are already overweight, said Stephen Hsu, M.D., Ph.D., one of the study's corresponding authors and a principal investigator with the UF Sid Martin Biotechnology Development Institute.
One-third of adults and about 17 percent of children in the United States are obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Although unrelated studies have shown that lifestyle changes such as choosing healthy food over junk food and increasing exercise can help reduce obesity, people are often unable to maintain these changes over time, Hsu said.
"The problem is when these studies end and the people go off the protocols, they almost always return to old habits and end up eating the same processed foods they did before and gain back the weight they lost during the study," he said. Developing drugs that target the protein, called TRIP-Br2, and mimic its absence may allow for the prevention of obesity without relying solely on lifestyle modifications, Hsu said.
First identified by Hsu, TRIP-Br2 helps regulate how fat is stored in and released from cells. To understand its role, the researchers compared mice that lacked the gene responsible for production of the protein, with normal mice that had the gene.
They quickly discovered that mice missing the TRIP-Br2 gene did not gain weight no matter what they ate - even when placed on a high-fat diet - and were otherwise normal and healthy. On the other hand, the mice that still made TRIP-Br2 gained weight and developed associated problems such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol when placed on a high-fat diet. The normal and fat-resistant mice ate the same amount of food, ruling out differences in food intake as a reason why the mice lacking TRIP-Br2 were leaner.
"We had to explain why the animals eating so much fat were remaining lean and not getting high cholesterol. Where was this fat going?" Hsu said. "It turns out this protein is a master regulator. It coordinates expression of a lot of genes and controls the release of the fuel form of fat and how it is metabolized."
When functioning normally, TRIP-Br2 restricts the amount of fat that cells burn as energy. But when TRIP-Br2 is absent, a fat-burning fury seems to occur in fat cells. Although other proteins have been linked to the storage and release of fat in cells, TRIP-Br2 is unique in that it regulates how cells burn fat in a few different ways, Hsu said. When TRIP-Br2 is absent, fat cells dramatically increase the release of free fatty acids and also burn fat to produce the molecular fuel called ATP that powers mitochondria -the cell's energy source. In addition, cells free from the influence of TRIP-Br2 start using free fatty acids to generate thermal energy, which protects the body from exposure to cold.
"TRIP-Br2 is important for the accumulation of fat," said Rohit N. Kulkarni, M.D., Ph.D., also a senior author of the paper and an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and the Joslin Diabetes Center. "When an animal lacks TRIP-Br2, it can't accumulate fat."
Because the studies were done mostly in mice, additional studies are still needed to see if the findings translate to humans.
"We are very optimistic about the translational promise of our findings because we showed that only human subjects who had the kind of fat (visceral) that becomes insulin-resistant also had high protein levels of TRIP-Br2," Hsu said.
"Imagine you are able to develop drugs that pharmacologically mimic the complete absence of TRIP-Br2," Hsu said. "If a patient started off fat, he or she would burn the weight off. If people are at risk of obesity and its associated conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, it would help keep them lean regardless of how much fat they ate. That is the ideal anti-obesity drug, one that prevents obesity and helps people burn off excess weight."
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/254650.php
Recent NNVC News
- NanoViricides Reports that the Phase I NV-387 Clinical Trial is Completed Successfully and Data Lock is Expected Soon • InvestorsHub NewsWire • 05/02/2024 02:07:42 PM
- Form 8-K - Current report • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 02/16/2024 09:53:32 PM
- Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)] • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 02/14/2024 09:55:35 PM
- Form 8-K - Current report • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 01/19/2024 09:44:48 PM
- Form DEF 14A - Other definitive proxy statements • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 12/04/2023 09:08:49 PM
- Form 10-K - Annual report [Section 13 and 15(d), not S-K Item 405] • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 10/13/2023 08:30:41 PM
- Form NT 10-K - Notification of inability to timely file Form 10-K 405, 10-K, 10-KSB 405, 10-KSB, 10-KT, or 10-KT405 • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 09/28/2023 08:44:54 PM
- Form 8-K - Current report • Edgar (US Regulatory) • 09/01/2023 08:46:45 PM
- Clinical Trial of Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Drug NV-CoV-2 is Progressing Well, Says NanoViricides - NV-CoV-2 is Positioned to Fulfill Many Unmet Medical Needs • InvestorsHub NewsWire • 07/06/2023 03:16:37 PM
FEATURED Cannabix Technologies Launches New Compact Breath Logix Workplace Series and Prepares for Delivery to South Africa • May 7, 2024 8:51 AM
Moon Equity Holdings, Corp. Announces Acquisition of Wikolo, Inc. • MONI • May 7, 2024 9:48 AM
NanoViricides Reports that the Phase I NV-387 Clinical Trial is Completed Successfully and Data Lock is Expected Soon • NNVC • May 2, 2024 10:07 AM
ILUS Files Form 10-K and Provides Shareholder Update • ILUS • May 2, 2024 8:52 AM
Avant Technologies Names New CEO Following Acquisition of Healthcare Technology and Data Integration Firm • AVAI • May 2, 2024 8:00 AM
Bantec Engaged in a Letter of Intent to Acquire a Small New Jersey Based Manufacturing Company • BANT • May 1, 2024 10:00 AM