Oxford BioMedica PLC (OXBDF)

[georgejjl]

A single dose of peripherally infused EGFRvIII-directed CAR T cells mediates antigen loss and induces adaptive resistance in patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

O'Rourke DM1, Nasrallah MP2, Desai A3, Melenhorst JJ4, Mansfield K5, Morrissette JJD6, Martinez-Lage M2, Brem S1, Maloney E1, Shen A7, Isaacs R5, Mohan S8, Plesa G4, Lacey SF4, Navenot JM4, Zheng Z4, Levine BL4, Okada H9, June CH4, Brogdon JL5, Maus MV10.
Author information
1
Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
2
Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
3
Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
4
Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
5
Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
6
Division of Precision and Computational Diagnostics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
7
Novartis Oncology, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA.
8
Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
9
Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
10
Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA. [e-mail].
Abstract
We conducted a first-in-human study of intravenous delivery of a single dose of autologous T cells redirected to the epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) mutation by a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). We report our findings on the first 10 recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) patients treated. We found that manufacturing and infusion of CAR-modified T cell (CART)-EGFRvIII cells are feasible and safe, without evidence of off-tumor toxicity or cytokine release syndrome. One patient has had residual stable disease for over 18 months of follow-up. All patients demonstrated detectable transient expansion of CART-EGFRvIII cells in peripheral blood. Seven patients had post-CART-EGFRvIII surgical intervention, which allowed for tissue-specific analysis of CART-EGFRvIII trafficking to the tumor, phenotyping of tumor-infiltrating T cells and the tumor microenvironment in situ, and analysis of post-therapy EGFRvIII target antigen expression. Imaging findings after CART immunotherapy were complex to interpret, further reinforcing the need for pathologic sampling in infused patients. We found trafficking of CART-EGFRvIII cells to regions of active GBM, with antigen decrease in five of these seven patients. In situ evaluation of the tumor environment demonstrated increased and robust expression of inhibitory molecules and infiltration by regulatory T cells after CART-EGFRvIII infusion, compared to pre-CART-EGFRvIII infusion tumor specimens. Our initial experience with CAR T cells in recurrent GBM suggests that although intravenous infusion results in on-target activity in the brain, overcoming the adaptive changes in the local tumor microenvironment and addressing the antigen heterogeneity may improve the efficacy of EGFRvIII-directed strategies in GBM.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=glioblastoma+cart+novartis



Good luck and GOD bless,

George Lucas