I concur with everything you said but would note that R&D stocks can be in pre-operation status for decades. Follow-on patents and entirely new directions of research allow biotech investors to continue on track, should they desire, long after the original patents expired.
Untold billions have been spent, made and lost on various manifestations of antisense in the many decades since its invention by Prof. James Summerton. Antisense has more claimed fathers than Anna Nicole Smith's baby had but the true parents blamed it on others. The professor blamed some ladies writing in a Siberian science journal but they naturally denied it.
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