Jiang Jiuchun: electric cars will become an important part of the grid
China Economic News Network 2014-09-03 14:30:39
Professor Jiang Jiuchun, doctoral tutor, Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers of electric vehicles Sub-Committee executive director; developed a battery management system, has made pioneering work in the application of power battery into a group, accounting for more than 50 percent of the domestic market; designed Beijing Olympic Games, Shanghai World Expo and the Asian Games and other major domestic charging station charging stations, "10 City 1000" 25 cities in 16 using this technology. Won the National Science and Technology Progress Award 1, research interests include electric vehicle charging stations, electric vehicle battery management systems, micro-grid technology.
"The government should consider a gradual reduction of subsidies for electric vehicles."
China Electric Power News: Recently, the government introduced a series of policies, do you think the development of electric vehicles will play what role?
Jiang Jiuchun: recent policy to solve a lot of problems, including the problem of charging, charging facilities construction problems, a lot of problems to solve basic development of the industry was almost the same.
Next I feel the need to consider increasing the car's value, such as Beijing should consider the issue is not limited to the line.
In addition, the subsidy policy has also found a lot of problems, including manufacturers cheat up such acts. I think that now need to focus on subsidy cuts to consider the issue, because the industry does not rely on subsidies are promising. Government should guide the models, some models may simply can not become developed, such subsidies can be cut. Subsidies now make some enterprises do not have the power of R & D, production out of the car is not suitable for the market. The Government should make clear the different segments of the market research, and then give a specific subsidy policy, rather than the one size fits all approach, so that the electric car industry at a disadvantage.
China Electric Power News: What do you think the biggest obstacle is the development of electric vehicles?
Jiang Jiuchun: In the past we often talk about the two obstacles, one obstacle to the battery, an obstacle infrastructure.
Battery technology advances and lower prices in the future will not be an obstacle. With the development of electric vehicles up, moderate advance arrangement of infrastructure is also possible.
The biggest obstacle is the car factory, is how to design a safe, reliable and able to meet the real needs of the people of models. Then is how to establish a reasonable commercial operation mode, Paris, France, is a time-leasing model, has a profit. China Hangzhou "micro bus" is also a good exploration, and I think very likely to succeed, which is promoting the electric car industry role.
China Electric Power News: Do you think in the process of breaking the barriers, the government should do?
Jiangjiu Chun: I think the Government should focus on the development of standards, not too much interference in enterprise production and business activities. The original local protection is more serious, now is not very clear. In fact, as the Beijing government's actions are not local protection, but to protect consumers. Because many automakers declared one charge can run 150 kilometers, but in fact not. So Beijing is equipped threshold, by detecting the protection market.
In addition, from the promotion is concerned, our standards have been enough, even more than in Europe and America. But we should be careful to sort out what these standards, consider the problem of execution. Although we set a lot of standards, but the standard is not detailed enough, leading manufacturers are also very difficult to implement.
China Electric Power News: What do you think of our electric vehicle planning 2015 500000, 2020 5000000 development goals?
Jiang Jiuchun: According to the current development trend of the battery, I think 2016 will be a breakthrough. When the battery prices will fall sharply, for example, now when the phone battery according to two security point of view, the market price is ten dollars. Such projections, by the time the price of electric vehicle battery should be cheaper by half, and now do not fall down the problem is production.
From the capacity point of view, will be increased by 0.5 times. This is mainly based on advances in technology, some manufacturers have made the 230 kwh / kg of battery, which is much higher than the average level we are now 100 kwh / kg.
Judging from life, the life of a single set of batteries is 3000, the entire set of batteries can reach 1,600 times, using about six years is not a problem.
So, according to this trend into 2016 electric car on one charge can run 300 km, with fuel vehicles to compete no problem.
Planning objectives set at the time was considered relatively high, but I am more optimistic, according to this trend in 2020 5,000,000 goal probably too low. But it should be noted that currently only able to adapt to the development of lithium batteries for electric vehicles, and other industrial batteries from very far away.
"To consider the impact of electric vehicles on the grid centralized charging"
China Electric Power News: You developed battery management system accounted for more than 50 percent of the domestic market, please give us a brief overview?
Jiang Jiuchun: battery management system is actually efficient use of a device batteries can provide some information for the vehicle or charging the battery in ensuring the safe use of the premise of improving life, which is its most basic functions. Then the whole point is the professional battery system thermal management, because the battery recession more sensitive to heat, control heat can make the life of the battery pack has been greatly improved.
We probably from 1997 began to design a battery management system, the first is to do experiments on the lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and later, now mainly lithium batteries. Currently we have developed to the sixth-generation battery management system, integration with vehicle design. From 2011 to 2013, we produced a total of more than eighteen thousand sets of systems, accounted for more than half of our national markets.
China Electric Power News: Your battery management system also experienced the upgrade process, this path is like?
Jiang Jiuchun: from the hardware, the first is the separation of the original is detected, and later turned into a distributed system, and then later became integrated chip data acquisition. Software was originally manual programming, and now we have achieved modularity, and full traceability.
Now battery management system is installed with a battery together, the battery data to the vehicle controller, passed charging facilities as a way to rational use of batteries. Now our R & D base is synchronized with the foreign, the future need to be further processed in some detail and exceptional circumstances.
China Electric Power News: You developed the charging station is the most advanced, please briefly describe?
Jiang Jiuchun: About charging stations, we are in 2000 in Shantou designed a small charging station, in 2004 we built China's first charging station is Beijing West Huangzhuang charging stations. 2008 Beijing Olympics we are building charging stations, and later extended to the Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games. We have established a technical system charging stations in China, behind almost all of the charging stations are in accordance with this framework construction.
Now we are mainly in the study of micro-grid charging station charging stations and how to address the impact on the grid. Because of the electric car is concerned, even if developed, its power consumption is still only a small percentage of the power system, but there will be the problem of local accumulation. If an area a lot of electric vehicle charging, might result in the distribution network can not afford. According to the analysis, Beijing Approximately 80% of the distribution network can not meet the needs of this massive charge. Solve this problem, one does not increase the existing distribution capacity, from increased energy storage and renewable energy point of view to solve. Another is to adjust the charging time. We are working on is to achieve local independent micro-network, without changing the existing distribution network system, the charge to meet the needs of electric vehicles.
"Stimulate automobile manufacturers sense of competition, to avoid re-take the old road"
China Electric Power News: Now electric car industry has a problem is our brand names, models and more, while abroad the opposite.
Jiang Jiuchun: Our car manufacturers more, each depot has developed many models, so we do not have a car capable of more than ten thousand current sales. And foreign is not the case, as the United States, only three automobile plants, like the Nissan Leaf has sold a model of one hundred thousand. The problem is that our depot in the design of the car when the positioning is not think clearly, what to whom? Like Tesla sell very fire, its location is the high-end crowd.
Currently we have a tendency depot through the introduction of joint venture previously have earned enough money, and now the development of electric vehicles would also like to do it.We voted so much money, but made no suitable models, the end result can only be imported from abroad. In the future we need a "crying wolf" concept, a limited release will be some competition, which is the electric vehicle industry is a good thing. Such as the Nissan Leaf sold directly to domestic prices also about thirty thousand U.S. dollars, while the price of Kai Chen in the same paragraph is much higher, so that they compete in the same market, inevitably forcing the joint venture research and development.
The unification of Germany and we discuss the problem of electric vehicle charging standards, has shown that they are ready to enter the Chinese market, which is the same as thirty years ago.
China Electric Power News: Speaking of Tesla, what do you think of its development?
Jiangjiu Chun: I did not think Tesla is a good model, it is not very optimistic about the prospects. Tesla is known as the core technology is battery management, which uses more than 7000 batteries in parallel, you can run four to five kilometers, but also enhanced the probability of the problem, the security will be a problem. And from its vehicle weight and power consumption, the energy efficiency is not worthwhile, but speculation of a concept.
China Electric Power News: What do you think wireless charging technology?
Jiangjiu Chun: I think the future of wireless charging technology is widely used, and now a small industrial stage ready for use and safety, convenience than now charging pile has been greatly improved, so he will be charged an area a very important development. 6 Now our domestic kilowatts, 30 kilowatts of samples have been developed, the technology itself is no problem. The question now is how the magnetic loaded into the car, you need to consider the shock problem.
China Electric Power News: development of electric vehicles is a very important model is V2G (electric cars to sell electricity to the grid), and now the industry has kind of dynamic?
Jiang Jiuchun: Now at home and abroad are conducting research, but also there is no breakthrough. I think that when electric cars developed to a certain amount of time, it can become an important part of the grid. United States using V2G mode users can earn $ 4,000 a year, but our pricing model is not the same. The United States is TOU, and we are TOU, so future promotion, pricing model must be adjusted.
China Electric Power News: Now, Shandong, Henan and other places of low-speed electric vehicles developed rapidly, but also suffering from doubt, this what do you think?
Jiangjiu Chun: I think it can not become synonymous with low-speed low-skilled, low-speed electric vehicles now these lead-acid battery, motor, can be sold for a very cheap price. However, lead-acid battery recycling process produces a lot of pollution in the future, count the environmental cost is not cheap.
Hope for the future low-speed vehicles can use lithium batteries, advanced drive system, which is industrial development, the environment is good. Now if you do not put the low-speed vehicles set up technical barriers up, once it would be great to promote open trouble.
Source: China Electric Power News Editor: Mabo
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