InterDigital Inc (IDCC)

[dndodd]

Opportune, TD-LTE should be bright prospects of globalization
Communications World Network http://www.cww.net.cn At 14:59 on August 27, 2014
Tags: TD-LTE
Recently, Softbank acquired American carriers Sprint, which originally belonged to the use of WiMAX spectrum of 100M construction TD- LTE network, which has now completed the construction scale 5000 base station. China, the world's largest communications market with a TD-LTE, India's Bharti Airtel has adopted the TD-LTE.

With the TD-LTE network widely in the world, TD-LTE will also be getting brighter prospects. Who will lead the communications standard has never been doomed, which is the most widely adopted standard which standard will be able to become mainstream, and the future of TD-LTE to become mainstream is not necessarily impossible.

Standards and patents always led a wave of multi-fold

Many people think that CDMA is Qualcomm developed, do you not know it was a high pass from InterDigital (domestic, said British Gitzo company or the American Digital Technologies, Inc.) bought, then Qualcomm solve the most fundamental power control problem, successfully CDMA standards into civilian use. In the next few years, Qualcomm CDMA applications continue to focus on the relevant technology patents, and ultimately formed a CDMA patent monopoly.

Europe created by modifying a CDMA WCDMA standard, and from the Swedish telecommunications equipment manufacturers Ericsson naturally has a strong patent position in WCDMA. But this time, Qualcomm failed because of its monopoly position in the CDMA patents, and have been on the WCDMA patent monopoly advantage - even WCDMA core technologies are derived from CDMA.

Siemens was submitted that TD-CDMA technology, but when TD-CDMA is still in the theoretical stage, it was decided unified Europe launched WCDMA, which also makes TD-CDMA technology was forced to give up. However, the Chinese TD-SCDMA but then the theoretical research, experiments and large-scale networking experiments, in which a large number of technical innovations and even Europe and the United States for TD-SCDMA standards such innovations shocked.

For example, TD-SCDMA first to complete the theoretical and experimental work TDD cellular network independent groups in the system side (then Siemens also have this idea, but eventually gave up), it makes up for the same time is not yet technically mature WCDMA Some theoretical and experimental defects.

Then after a fierce debate in Europe and America expert, TD-SCDMA finally able to "release" allowed, remember a pivotal position in the ITU has European and American technical experts John Visser has said that China is a leading TD-SCDMA serious matter, is recognized by ISO.

Of course, the review process is indeed ITU standards organizations is a very serious matter, in the LTE standards, ITU standards organizations first asked to submit self-assessment results (standard proposal), then is a very rigorous review process, including the key performance verification, such as multiple access, frame structure, spectrum efficiency, business / handover latency, high speed / mobile / fixed access speed and other content, and LTE standards development process also proved by the Central European to lead the LTE standard.

Course back then, at the end of 2003, Ericsson's first LTE proposed this name, followed by Datang Telecom on behalf of China submitted a LTE TDD scheme in 2004, was submitted to the program as well as Japan, Korea and so on, but because of China in the same period TD -SCDMA field has accumulated a certain amount of TDD technology and patents, making LTE TDD better able to be practical, so the ITU also finalized by China to lead the TDD standards. In June 2006, China and the EU completed a feasibility study on the LTE standard.

In March 2006, Qualcomm's CDMA REV.B standard has just been validated through June Qualcomm launched the CDMA REV.C technology in a hurry, trying to fight the LTE standard developed by China and the EU. From 2006 - the end of 2008, China and the EU chose SCFDMA and OFDM technology as the core technology of LTE, but this time, Qualcomm still doing research (post-CDMA REV to CDMA, OFDM for CDMA REV.C core technology. C was renamed UMB), but in November 2008, do not know why, Qualcomm announced its withdrawal from the UMB.

In March 2009, China and the EU jointly released the first version of the LTE standard. Faced with such a clear standard-setting process and the core technology components, I do not know who is co-leading LTE also questioned the reality of Central Europe, but also chanted "China leading TD-LTE, the European-led FDD LTE"!

Of course, the standard is not a mutation, but gradually turned from the amount of qualitative change, such as in MIMO technology is proven in HSPA LTE only be used in the. Ericsson at the time led the development of FDD standard, but also try to be validated their advantage in WCDMA only extended to the LTE; while China, of course, will be built in its own TD-SCDMA technology advantages as much as possible to extend the LTE standard, gain advantages for their own patent position in TD-LTE, for example, the JIU, smart antennas, shaped frame structure.

Here clarify a misunderstanding, a lot of people think the industry: China LTE standard patent holders are mainly ZTE and Huawei . However, according to China Taiwan region "NARL" Systematic Analysis of data showed that as of the end of 2013, the top three LTE standards essential patent holders are Qualcomm has 655, Samsung 652, Huawei ranked third with 603 . Ericsson ranked sixth with 399, ZTE ranked seventh with 368, Datang Telecom has 273 4G standard essential patents ranked tenth, in which Telecom 4G essential patents held by Datang some basic In TDD standards-based, so the Chinese in TD-LTE has more patents advantage.

Of course, the number of patents listed here are only part of the public, as well as part of the patent does not disclose, and these patents in addition to the number of quality problems there, these factors determine the various companies in the LTE standard possession influence Qualcomm Patents should be more emphasis on the terminal, and the emphasis on Ericsson's patented equipment parts.

Some people believe that the United States, Japan and South Korea, "actively promote and completed the FDD LTE industrialization and market application demonstration, laid the foundation for industry and market applications for the global scale application FDD LTE", and thus accumulated a certain patents. China is the world's countries, the use of large-scale TD-SCDMA network and TD-LTE, and therefore enhances their patent accumulation on TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE, strengthened patent on TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE's position.

This author believes that it is because of China on TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE has the right to speak quite so high generalists had to compromise, agreed to exempt TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE royalties, but Qualcomm still respect charged tough requirements FDD, WCDMA and CDMA patent licensing fees, which can explain exactly dominant on the Chinese TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE.

China should support the development of TD-LTE standard

China Mobile in the planning and construction of TD-LTE base stations in 2014, and has already exceeded the total number of base stations in Europe, China Mobile users are far more than 800 million users in Europe, and is 2.6 times the total population of the United States, since China has supported GSM and Let GSM prosperity, China supports CDMA let CDMA "much breath a few breaths," then why China should not support their own standards? TD-LTE network operator Softbank in Japan are built by ZTE and Huawei, which has proved the Chinese enterprises in the global TD-LTE industry has advantages.

Standards are not fair, DVD industry booming in China, when Europe and Japan and South Korea with a standard hunting of China's DVD industry, and later was discovered that some of these patents in the pool is actually junk patents, patent fees charged for each DVD even better than DVD The export price is also high. Standard setters can make standard in their favor, the right to own the dominant European patent into the LTE standard, China of course also possible to their advantage in the patent in a continuation of TD-SCDMA to TD-LTE in.

Japanese PDC's failures, mainly because of Japan's own domestic market is limited, so it can not be the standard to the world. And obviously in competition with CDMA GSM, WCDMA in defeat, but because the United States behind, so CDMA to linger, even to the 2013-year high of $ 24.9 billion through has $ 16.7 billion in revenue from CDMA-related businesses. The same case as well as WiMAX, although gradually lost in the competition, but in 2007, the United States still tough in the 3G standard has been determined after several years of re-achievement of a 3G standard. Thus, the strength of each country or region want to have their own standards, and standards to the world.

TD-LTE in China is on the rise, the outlook bright

China already has from all aspects of the communications industry chain equipment, chips, mobile phones and other products manufacturing advantages, cost of ownership advantages. Although the 3G era, the industry generally believe that the international mainstream WCDMA standard, its largest distribution network costs less than the TD-SCDMA, but did not consider the cost of patent licensing issues.

Take Qualcomm Qualcomm 2013 revenue was $ 24.9 billion in the half from China, and patent licensing revenue reached $ 7.8 billion, CDMA-related business revenue reached $ 16.7 billion comes from, it can be seen from Qualcomm's patent income share, patent licensing fees severely aggravated the cost of the industrial chain. This may also explain why China Mobile to use 300 billion yuan construction of TD-SCDMA base stations over 40 ten thousand, but also to spend 100 billion construction of TD-LTE base stations 500 000.

From handset prices, the presence of royalty makes FDD / WCDMA / CDMA mobile phones than TD-SCDMA / TD-LTE handset expensive, such as WCDMA handsets HTC lowest price 749 yuan, while the TD-SCDMA mobile phones as long as 499 yuan; Huawei TD-LTE phone as long as 799 yuan, while the minimum should be 999 yuan FDD mobile phone. As can be seen from the difference between the full price of the phone, TD-SCDMA / TD-LTE for China's mobile phone industry saves much royalties.

TD-LTE patents advantage will allow Chinese companies to reduce licensing fees, reduce costs, which such a manufacturing-based to China, export-oriented country is extremely important. TD-LTE patents advantage of Chinese enterprises exporting products to Europe and America will escort (especially in Europe and America, Chinese companies are most vulnerable to the impact of intellectual property litigation).

Today, TD-LTE commercial environment compared to the year of commercial TD-SCDMA has been much improved. Actively participate in social channels TD-LTE handset sales, by the end of 2013, China Mobile Worldwide Partner Conference was held, Qualcomm and Apple are the scene and released TD-SCDMA / TD-LTE products, and domestic and foreign mobile phone companies have also come out to support. Earlier this year, OPPO announced the end 3G mobile phone R & D, and the introduction of 4G mobile phones across the board, and the current launch of 4G mobile phone OPPO most are China Mobile TD-LTE standard mobile phone, China Unicom version of the 4G mobile phone only one. But has not launched 4G mobile phone millet also recently launched the first mobile version of TD-LTE handsets, and its release will be delayed FDD mobile phone.

Currently, the number of base stations of China Mobile's TD-LTE has more than 400,000, covering the vast majority of cities across the country. This year in June, TD-LTE mobile phone sales have reached 14.77 million, while sales in the first quarter of 20.79 million WCDMA terminal, CDMA only more than 1500 million, the estimated second quarter TD-LTE and WCDMA mobile phone sales will be over CDMA.

Recent three months, the growth rate of the number of Chinese mobile users over 50% in April grew 2.01 million, growth of 3.31 million in May, June growth of 5.83 million. From the personal use of feelings, the current use of TD-LTE feel good, Shen Hai-speed car traveling at 100 kilometers per hour, when its experience even better than WCDMA, WCDMA coverage is better than.

On the other hand, expensive spectrum FDD inhibited development costs, which also provides for the development of TDD space. Symmetric too expensive FDD spectrum, according to the survey, worldwide, the ratio of the price spectrum symmetric and asymmetric spectrum is about 5: 1. Among them, the price gap is the largest in India. The world's fifth largest operator BhartiAirtel simply could not bear the expensive cost of FDD spectrum, and China decided to move as a single network deployment using TDD LTE.

This point of view, TD-LTE has reserves in patent fees, spectrum costs, terminal support and technical capabilities in place, and along with Chinese operators and equipment manufacturers in devices, chips and mobile phones and other aspects of the increasingly rich, I believe the future of TD-LTE the pace of internationalization will go more smoothly.

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