Smoking cessation info...
Donny EC1, Hatsukami DK2, Benowitz NL3, Sved AF4, Tidey JW5, Cassidy RN5.
Author information
1Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. Electronic address: edonny@pitt.edu.
2Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
3Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
4Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
5Center for Alcohol & Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Both the Tobacco Control Act in the U.S. and Article 9 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control enable governments to directly address the addictiveness of combustible tobacco by reducing nicotine through product standards. Although nicotine may have some harmful effects, the detrimental health effects of smoked tobacco are primarily due to non-nicotine constituents. Hence, the health effects of nicotine reduction would likely be determined by changes in behavior that result in changes in smoke exposure.
METHODS:
Herein, we review the current evidence on nicotine reduction and discuss some of the challenges in establishing the empirical basis for regulatory decisions.
RESULTS:
To date, research suggests that very low nicotine content cigarettes produce a desirable set of outcomes, including reduced exposure to nicotine, reduced smoking, and reduced dependence, without significant safety concerns. However, much is still unknown, including the effects of gradual versus abrupt changes in nicotine content, effects in vulnerable populations, and impact on youth.
DISCUSSION:
A coordinated effort must be made to provide the best possible scientific basis for regulatory decisions. The outcome of this effort may provide the foundation for a novel approach to tobacco control that dramatically reduces the devastating health consequences of smoked tobacco.
