ml -- you have your work cut out for you -- somewhat like the libs/dems/lefties betting against the US military in Iraq -- the tide is running against them -- just as the tide of DNA linkages has already overwelmed everyone except the blind ============== A phylogenetic tree of all living things, based on rRNA gene data, showing the separation of the three domains, bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, as described initially by Carl Woese. Trees constructed with other genes are generally similar, although they may place some early branching groups very differently, presumably owing to rapid rRNA evolution. The exact relationships of the three domains are still being debated.
A phylogenetic tree is a tree showing the evolutionary interrelationships among various species or other entities that are believed to have a common ancestor. A phylogenetic tree is a form of a cladogram. In a phylogenetic tree, each node with descendants represents the most recent common ancestor of the descendants, and edge lengths correspond to time estimates. Each node in a phylogenetic tree is called a taxonomic unit. Internal nodes are generally referred to as Hypothetical Taxonomic Units (HTUs) as they cannot be directly observed
Contents [hide] 1 Scientific theory 1.1 Ancestry of organisms 1.1.1 Evidence of evolution 1.1.1.1 Morphological evidence 1.1.1.2 Genetic sequence evidence 1.1.2 Origin and history of life 1.2 Emergence of novel traits 1.2.1 Mutation 1.3 Survival of traits 1.3.1 Mechanisms of inheritance 1.3.2 Natural selection 1.3.3 Gene flow 1.3.4 Genetic drift 1.4 Adaptation 1.5 Speciation and extinction 2 Evolutionary biology 2.1 Evolutionary developmental biology 3 History of evolutionary thought 4 Impact of theory 5 See also 6 References 7 External links
Scientific theory The theory underlying modern synthesis has three major aspects:
1 - The common descent of all organisms from a single ancestor or ancestral gene pool. 2 - The manifestation of novel traits in a lineage. 3 - The mechanisms that cause some traits to persist while others perish.
The modern synthesis, like its Mendelian and Darwinian antecedents, is a scientific theory.
In plain English, people use the word "theory" to signify "conjecture", "speculation", or "opinion". In this popular sense, "theories" are opposed to "facts" — parts of the world, or claims about the world, that are real or true regardless of what people think.
In contrast, a scientific theory is a model of the world (or some portion of it) from which falsifiable hypotheses can be generated and tested through controlled experiments, or be verified through empirical observation. In this scientific sense, "facts" are parts of theories — they are things, or relationships between things, that theories must take for granted in order to make predictions, or that theories predict.
In other words, for scientists "theory" and "fact" do not stand in opposition, but rather exist in a reciprocal relationship — for example, it is a "fact" that an apple dropped on earth will fall towards the center of the planet in a straight line, and the "theory" which explains it is the current theory of gravitation.
In this same sense evolution is a fact and modern synthesis is currently the most powerful theory explaining evolution, variation and speciation. Within the science of biology, modern synthesis has completely replaced earlier accepted explanations for the origin of species, including Lamarckism and creationism.
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