Medical students have little to no access to advanced surgical training devices. After four years of medical school, they proceed to residency programs. For general surgery this can be 5 to 7 years. For urology, 5 to 6 years and for OB/GYN, four years.
Fellowship training may add 1 to 2 years onto this total. During residency and fellowship training, they are given graded responsibility and are allowed to perform parts or all of surgical procedures under attending surgeon supervision.
To think that universities have no access to such robotic devices is simplistic. I am on faculty of a major university program in Philadelphia. We have three main teaching hospitals. Between those three hospitals, we own 10 da Vinci robots…