Yes, the "same" product could break orphan exclusivity provided they demonstrated clinical superiority on either efficacy or safety.
Here's some discussion by the FDA (in a memo on Rebif) of another path:
There is also a third approach described in the regulations for showing a significant therapeutic advantage. This requires a demonstration that, in an unusual case where neither greater effectiveness or safety has been shown, a drug otherwise makes a major contribution to patient care. This analysis may involve multiple aspects of the drug product, since the benefit to the patient is likely to be greater convenience or less discomfort, and the very term "major contribution to patient care" implies a more global assessment. So, for example, an assessment of the safety or effectiveness of the new form of the subsequent product might be considered in determining whether the drug made a major contribution to patient care.
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