NorthWest Biotherapeutics Inc (NWBO)

[Chiugray]

Afford - The fallacy to AF's article on the 28% tumor reduction equating to no-efficacy is this:

1. Tumor size and reduction is not a valid measure when the trial is not complete yet, particularly when patients have not even received the full set of treatments. The reason is during the initial stage, when the T-cells (B-cells, macrophages, etc) are fighting the cancer, the tumor will actually increase in size because T-cells are stuffing themselves inside the tumor. It is only afterwards when the dead cancer cells are cleansed away that the tumor size will shrink. The fighting is still in process.

2. Tumor necrosis, on the other hand, can present a snapshot view of biological activity or efficacy. The measurement process though would be based on doing a biopsy to determine whether or not the tumor contents indeed include T-cells (active) and cancer cells (dead). Tumor size does not show this.