status is none of yer' damn business!! :-)
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Sweet, keep me informed on what your looking at. Also check out the board in my siggy. Some good picks over there as well.
FTBK AGO MBI GNW NFP FNM FRE are some ones I am trying to build a good long positon in right now for when the market does turn. Thousand or two shares each should be a good bet I think.
LOL, there are a lot to choose from aren't they.
Bleak future for global water supplies.
Two new reports, one from the WWF and the other from the World
Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) forecast a bleak future for global water supplies.
The WWF’s report, an analysis of access to fresh water, warns of a ‘major and mounting’ water crisis for the world’s richer nations as well as the poorest.
It notes the recurring droughts along Europe’s Atlantic front, and says that ‘it is now apparent that intensive pollution remediation in Europe’s heartland will not
be able to salvage some contaminated water sources – while the much worse contamination issues of Eastern Europe are yet to be substantially addressed.’In the US, the report warns that large areas are using ‘substantially’ more water
than can be naturally replenished, which will be exacerbated by climate change. Salinity threatens important irrigation, and there is increasing anxiety over chemical and pathogen contamination. ‘The main mechanisms for controlling
pollution are themselves under threat,’ it adds.
In Australia, nearly all the major cities have water restrictions and salinity is a major threat here, too. Japan has high rainfall but high population and ‘surprisingly’ low levels of water per capita. Cities can suffer both water shortages and damaging floods. Contamination of supplies, including groundwater, is an extremely serious issue.
Common problems in the developed world include looming exhaustion of supplies, water-related conflicts, contamination, degraded landscape functioning,
and economic issues such as leakage.
There is an acceptance in the developed world that water must be used efficiently, the report concludes, and countries have the choice of trying to match use with their natural water realities. Key challenges include proper valuation of water, agreeing on the balance between conservation and consumption, changing attitudes to water, modifying or repairing ageing or inappropriate infrastructure, bringing agriculture into line
with expectations and prices for other users, reducing contamination and building knowledge of natural water cycles and processes.
The report deals with issues in detail by continent, and is available at www.wwf.org.
The WBCSD report, based on a two and a half-year year study by influential member companies including Suez, Shell, Coca Cola and Severn Trent, looks at a number of possible water-related scenarios, starting around 2010 and moving
forward in time.
That's the scary part, and if the idiots that are in Washington now act remotely like they have with the Oil crisis we are in for a rude awakening.
We should start to see how PURO intends to capture part of tht market here shortly.
LOL, just might be bud.
Great info RG. Thanks.
I wouldn't doubt it one bit.
What are the Costs/Benefits of Global Water and Sanitation Improvements?
Taking Water and Sanitation Coverage for Granted
Every day millions of North Americans freely flush their toilets, liberally run the faucet or relax under the steady stream from a warm shower. To many North Americans these activities are not considered luxuries, but basic functions of everyday life. Yet, for some in Africa or Asia it is a daily struggle to find a single cup of clean water. Nearly 40 percent of Africa has an unsafe water supply and poor sanitation coverage and in Asia, more than half the population is exposed to unsanitary conditions, according to a study conducted in 2000 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The effects are demonstrable. According to the WHO, water-borne diseases spawned from unsanitary conditions resulted in roughly 1.6 million deaths in 2003, of which 90% were children under five. In addition, roughly 1.1 billion people are without access to safe water sources and 2.4 billion people lack access to improved sanitation. The following table crystallizes this global disparity in access to water supply and sanitation coverage.
Table 1: Water and Sanitation Coverage By Region
Region Coverage (%)
Water Supply Sanitation
Africa 62 60
Asia 81 48
Latin America & Caribbean 85 78
Oceania 88 93
Europe 96 92
North America 100 100
Source: WHO/UNICEF, 2000
In response to these startling statistics, the United Nations Millennium Declaration established goals to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to both improve water supply and improved sanitation by 2015.
The WHO commissioned the Swiss Tropical Institute (Institute) to conduct a comprehensive cost/benefit analysis of improved access to safe water supply and the subsequent health, economic, education and cultural benefits. The Institute recently completed its report, "Evaluation of the Costs and Benefits of Water and Sanitation Improvements at the Global Level" (to read the complete report, please go to http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/wsh0404/en/).
The Institute's findings are clear: Increased access to "improved" water supply and sanitation coverage is directly related to the level of financial investment. The more money invested globally, the greater access to safe drinking water and sanitation coverage for the impoverished. Furthermore, achieving global water supply and sanitation goals would yield quantifiable benefits far exceeding the financial investments required.
What Constitutes "Improved?"
For purposes of their analysis, the authors focused on low technology improvements and defined "improved" water as water supply that involves better access and protected water sources, resulting in a significantly increased probability that water is safe and more accessible. "Improved" sanitation is quantified as better access and safer disposal of excrement. Using the above definition of "improved," WHO identified five intervention goals and their corresponding costs, as outlined in Table 2.
Table 2 Intervention Goals Costs (US$/per annum)
1.) Reducing by half the number of people without sustainable access to improved water supply. $1.78 billion
2.) Reducing by half the number of people without sustainable access to both improved water supply and sanitation. $11.3 billion
3.) Access for all to improved water and sanitation services. $22.6 billion
4.) Household water treatment using chlorine and safe storage would cost an additional $2 billion on top of access for all to improved water and sanitation services. $24.6 billion
5.) Access for all to regulated in-house piped water supply with quality monitoring and in-house sewage connection w/partial treatment of sewage. $136.5 billion
The figures cited above fluctuate greatly depending on the access targets. For example, the table clearly illustrates that a high level of funding is required, $136.5 billion per annum, to secure "access for all to regulated in-house pipe water supply with quality monitoring and in-house sewage connection w/partial treatment of sewage." Yet, the table shows that even a modest investment of $1.78 billion per annum can go a long way towards increasing access to safe water by reducing in half the number of people without sustainable access to improved water supply.
While Intervention Goal 2 requires an additional investment of approximately $10 billion annually, the benefits justify the expense. According to the WHO, Intervention Goal 2 would reduce diarrhea episodes by 10 percent and provide a global economic benefit of $84 billion.
Overall, the WHO believes that "careful consideration of all benefits and all costs of water and sanitation projects will tip the balance in favor of positive investment decisions."
Health Benefits of Safe Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage
While policy decisions are closely tied to their expense, the underlying concern of limited access to safe water supply and sanitation coverage is the incalculable cost of human life. Most prevalent with water-borne diseases is infectious diarrhea. In fact, the WHO found that a reduction in the number of episodes of diarrhea and the resultant reduction in the number of deaths were directly tied to access to safe water supply and sanitation services (Table 3). Clearly, the health impact of "improvements" will vary from region to region.
Table 3: Intervention Goals Global Diarrhea Reduction
Intervention 1 (water only) 4% (episodes)
Intervention 2 10% (episodes)
Intervention 3 16.7% (episodes)
Intervention 4 53% (episodes)
Intervention 5 69% (episodes)
Economic Benefits of Safe Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage
The economic benefits of improved access to a safe water supply and sanitation coverage are extensive. Healthcare constitutes a considerable expense, particularly in nations where access to healthcare is limited. For example, if access to safe water and sanitation coverage were improved there would be a smaller frequency of diarrhea cases. As a result, patients would avoid costs accrued with treatment expenditures, such as care, drugs, transportation and time spent seeking care.
There are four distinct groups that stand to receive direct economic benefits from water and sanitation improvements: the health sector, patients, consumers and agricultural and industrial sectors. Realized direct benefits for these groups include less expenditure on treatment of diarrheal disease, less expenditure on transport in seeking treatment, less time lost due to treatment seeking. While indirect benefits would include the value of less health workers falling sick with diahrrea, avoided days lost at work or at school, avoided time lost of parents/caretakers of sick children and avoided deaths. The total economic benefits of interventions are impossible to ignore (Table 4).
Table 4: Intervention Goals Economic Benefits
(US$ year 2000)
Intervention 1 $18.143 billion
Intervention 2 $84.4 billion
Intervention 3 $262.879 billion
Intervention 4 $344.106 billion
Intervention 5 $555.901 billion
The WHO report validates the premise that "improved" access to safe water supply and sanitation coverage would bear health care related benefits that would significantly reduce global healthcare costs. This analysis concluded that every $1 US invested would yield an economic benefit ranging from $3 to $34 US depending on the region. Further, additional improvements to drinking water quality, "such as point of use disinfection" would portend benefits varying from $5 to $60 US for every $1 US invested.
Conclusion
Water-borne diseases have plagued the global population for centuries. Unfortunately, many people remain exposed to the pathogens that trigger these deadly illnesses. The WHO analysis of this issue is not complex: increased funding to improve access to safe water and sanitation will go a long way towards eradicating this problem. Different intervention strategies have been captured to provide policy makers with guidance. As is generally the case, those who do not have a seat at the decision making table often do not have their voices heard. Clean water and sanitation is not a privilege, it is a right.
What's up bud. Ready to see what the New Year brings for PURO?
FYI - Another to keep an eye on that's near bottom is AGO.
RVGD - Motortrend mag spot.
http://wot.motortrend.com/6400213/auto-news/the-new-american-hotness-revenge-building-650-hp-mid-engine-gtm-supercar/index.html
The New American Hotness: Revenge Building 650-HP Mid-Engine GTM Supercar
Posted December 24 2008 08:00 AM by Nate Martinez
Category: Auto News, Detroit Auto Show, Coupes, Sports
Corvette, Viper and Shelby owners take notice, there's a new American performance car coming to town. And if the rumors hold up, it could have what it takes to blow the Detroit steel away on the 'strip or in the twisties. Called the GTM Super Car, it's built by Revenge Designs Inc. of Decatur, Indiana and boasts some impressive performance and engineering specifications.
Said to embody the "ultimate performance and control", the GTM is powered by a variety of GM Performance crate motors producing anywhere from 500 to 650 hp. Composite materials -- most likely carbon fiber -- comprise its exotic, wind tunnel developed bodywork. With only 2350 lbs to push around thanks in part to a tube-steel chassis, Revenge claims the GTM can hit 60 mph in 3.0 sec. flat and cover a quarter-mile in only 11.6 sec.
Here are the rest of the GTM Super Car's specs per its Web site:
* 500 to 650 horsepower GM Performance Engines
* 20"x 255 front tires, 20" x 325 rear tires
* six piston front calipers, four piston rear calipers
* air craft style leather sports interior
* digital instrumentation
* large touch screen navigation system
* reverse cameras
* premium sound system
* six point roll cage with integral halo
* 0-60 in 3.0 seconds.
* 11.6 second quarter-mile
* driver controlled adjustable suspension
* integrated air conditioning
* DNA VIN number recorded security system
* Estimated total vehicle weight: 2350 pounds
* Estimated 20+ miles per gallon
* Revenge Designs badges and identification number
* Dual fuel cell tanks
* Mid-engine RWD
* Weight distribution: F/R 42/58%
* Electronic six-speed sequential fast action shift
* Internal body bonding and sealing adhesives providing excellent UV resistance; precisely formulated to meet demanding strength, durability and elasticity requirements over a wide temperature range.
Be sure to check back for more information (pricing, availability, etc.) on the GTM Super Car as its expected debut at the 2009 Detroit auto show nears.
Source: Revenge Designs Inc.
Nice find there Dog.
Agree, Stevo. The New Year will bring some much needed updates IMO.
NTWK News and chart. Keep an eye on this one for after the new year.
NetSol Technologies Awarded Information Security and Quality Engineering Contract With a Leading Commercial Bank in the UAE
Monday December 29, 8:30 am ET
Agreement Marks NetSol Technologies' Success in Further Penetrating the Fast Growing Middle East Market
EMERYVILLE, CA--(MARKET WIRE)--Dec 29, 2008 -- NetSol Technologies, Inc. "NetSol" (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK), a U.S. corporation providing global business services and enterprise application solutions to private and public sector organizations worldwide, today announced the Company has been awarded a major consulting services contract with a leading commercial bank located in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Under the recently signed agreement, NetSol will provide consultancy services in the areas of information security and quality engineering.
ADVERTISEMENT
The scope of the assignment includes identification, mapping and documentation of existing internal client processes, procedures, checklists and forms in order to help ensure alignment with the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) information technology security, quality and management standards 27001:2005, ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 20000. NetSol will also assist in the identification of any procedural gaps and assist in bringing them into compliance with the relevant benchmark information security and quality engineering standards.
Najeeb Ghauri, NetSol Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, commented, "This latest customer win reflects the continued traction of our global BestShoring(TM) business model, and our ability to leverage our global infrastructure and CMMI Level 5 center of excellence in order to best meet our customers' needs around the world. This contract also marks the growing presence of NetSol in the strategically important Middle East business services market and highlights the value our customers place in strong quality engineering and information security standards."
Besides the preparation of documentation, NetSol will also assist the client in the areas of document and records control, monitoring of business process metrics, service level agreements (SLAs), continual business process improvement, corrective and preventive actions, internal auditing and grievance handling. NetSol will also conduct awareness training and oversee the effectiveness of the implemented processes.
About NetSol Technologies, Inc.
NetSol Technologies, Inc. (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK) is a worldwide provider of global business services and enterprise application solutions. Since its inception in 1995, NetSol has used its BestShoring(TM) practices and highly experienced resources in analysis, development, quality assurance, and implementation to deliver high-quality, cost-effective solutions. Specialized for each industry, these product and services offerings include portfolio management systems for the financial services industry, consulting, custom development, systems integration, and technical services for the global Healthcare, Insurance, Real Estate, and Technology markets. NetSol's commitment to quality is demonstrated by its achievement of the ISO 9001, ISO 27001, and SEI (Software Engineering Institute) CMMI (Capability Maturity Model) Level 5 assessments, a distinction shared by fewer than 100 companies worldwide. NetSol offers SAP and Business Objects consulting and implementation services through its Ciena Solutions subsidiary. NetSol Technologies' clients include Fortune 500 manufacturers, global automakers, financial institutions, technology providers, and governmental agencies. Headquartered in Emeryville, California, NetSol Technologies has operations and offices in London, Los Angeles, Sydney, Beijing, Bangkok, and Lahore.
To learn more about NetSol Technologies, Inc. visit www.netsoltech.com
To join the NetSol Technologies, Inc. email distribution list, please visit: http://www.b2i.us/irpass.asp?BzID=897&to=ea&s=0
Forward Looking Statements
This press release may contain forward looking statements relating to the development of the Company's products and services and future operation results, including statements regarding the Company that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," variations of such words, and similar expressions, identify forward looking statements, but their absence does not mean that the statement is not forward looking. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that could affect the Company's actual results include the progress and costs of the development of products and services and the timing of the market acceptance.
Contact:
Contact:
Investor Relations
Christopher Chu
Grayling Global
Tel: +1-646-284-9426
Email: cchu@hfgcg.com
Yep still watching. Will start adding here shortly, I think bottom is in or real close.
Good morning people.
NetSol Technologies Awarded Information Security and Quality Engineering Contract With a Leading Commercial Bank in the UAE
Monday December 29, 8:30 am ET
Agreement Marks NetSol Technologies' Success in Further Penetrating the Fast Growing Middle East Market
EMERYVILLE, CA--(MARKET WIRE)--Dec 29, 2008 -- NetSol Technologies, Inc. "NetSol" (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK), a U.S. corporation providing global business services and enterprise application solutions to private and public sector organizations worldwide, today announced the Company has been awarded a major consulting services contract with a leading commercial bank located in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Under the recently signed agreement, NetSol will provide consultancy services in the areas of information security and quality engineering.
ADVERTISEMENT
The scope of the assignment includes identification, mapping and documentation of existing internal client processes, procedures, checklists and forms in order to help ensure alignment with the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) information technology security, quality and management standards 27001:2005, ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 20000. NetSol will also assist in the identification of any procedural gaps and assist in bringing them into compliance with the relevant benchmark information security and quality engineering standards.
Najeeb Ghauri, NetSol Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, commented, "This latest customer win reflects the continued traction of our global BestShoring(TM) business model, and our ability to leverage our global infrastructure and CMMI Level 5 center of excellence in order to best meet our customers' needs around the world. This contract also marks the growing presence of NetSol in the strategically important Middle East business services market and highlights the value our customers place in strong quality engineering and information security standards."
Besides the preparation of documentation, NetSol will also assist the client in the areas of document and records control, monitoring of business process metrics, service level agreements (SLAs), continual business process improvement, corrective and preventive actions, internal auditing and grievance handling. NetSol will also conduct awareness training and oversee the effectiveness of the implemented processes.
About NetSol Technologies, Inc.
NetSol Technologies, Inc. (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK) is a worldwide provider of global business services and enterprise application solutions. Since its inception in 1995, NetSol has used its BestShoring(TM) practices and highly experienced resources in analysis, development, quality assurance, and implementation to deliver high-quality, cost-effective solutions. Specialized for each industry, these product and services offerings include portfolio management systems for the financial services industry, consulting, custom development, systems integration, and technical services for the global Healthcare, Insurance, Real Estate, and Technology markets. NetSol's commitment to quality is demonstrated by its achievement of the ISO 9001, ISO 27001, and SEI (Software Engineering Institute) CMMI (Capability Maturity Model) Level 5 assessments, a distinction shared by fewer than 100 companies worldwide. NetSol offers SAP and Business Objects consulting and implementation services through its Ciena Solutions subsidiary. NetSol Technologies' clients include Fortune 500 manufacturers, global automakers, financial institutions, technology providers, and governmental agencies. Headquartered in Emeryville, California, NetSol Technologies has operations and offices in London, Los Angeles, Sydney, Beijing, Bangkok, and Lahore.
To learn more about NetSol Technologies, Inc. visit www.netsoltech.com
To join the NetSol Technologies, Inc. email distribution list, please visit: http://www.b2i.us/irpass.asp?BzID=897&to=ea&s=0
Forward Looking Statements
This press release may contain forward looking statements relating to the development of the Company's products and services and future operation results, including statements regarding the Company that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," variations of such words, and similar expressions, identify forward looking statements, but their absence does not mean that the statement is not forward looking. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that could affect the Company's actual results include the progress and costs of the development of products and services and the timing of the market acceptance.
Contact:
Contact:
Investor Relations
Christopher Chu
Grayling Global
Tel: +1-646-284-9426
Email: cchu@hfgcg.com
NTWK News and chart
NetSol Technologies Awarded Information Security and Quality Engineering Contract With a Leading Commercial Bank in the UAE
Monday December 29, 8:30 am ET
Agreement Marks NetSol Technologies' Success in Further Penetrating the Fast Growing Middle East Market
EMERYVILLE, CA--(MARKET WIRE)--Dec 29, 2008 -- NetSol Technologies, Inc. "NetSol" (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK), a U.S. corporation providing global business services and enterprise application solutions to private and public sector organizations worldwide, today announced the Company has been awarded a major consulting services contract with a leading commercial bank located in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Under the recently signed agreement, NetSol will provide consultancy services in the areas of information security and quality engineering.
ADVERTISEMENT
The scope of the assignment includes identification, mapping and documentation of existing internal client processes, procedures, checklists and forms in order to help ensure alignment with the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) information technology security, quality and management standards 27001:2005, ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 20000. NetSol will also assist in the identification of any procedural gaps and assist in bringing them into compliance with the relevant benchmark information security and quality engineering standards.
Najeeb Ghauri, NetSol Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, commented, "This latest customer win reflects the continued traction of our global BestShoring(TM) business model, and our ability to leverage our global infrastructure and CMMI Level 5 center of excellence in order to best meet our customers' needs around the world. This contract also marks the growing presence of NetSol in the strategically important Middle East business services market and highlights the value our customers place in strong quality engineering and information security standards."
Besides the preparation of documentation, NetSol will also assist the client in the areas of document and records control, monitoring of business process metrics, service level agreements (SLAs), continual business process improvement, corrective and preventive actions, internal auditing and grievance handling. NetSol will also conduct awareness training and oversee the effectiveness of the implemented processes.
About NetSol Technologies, Inc.
NetSol Technologies, Inc. (NasdaqCM:NTWK - News) (DIFX: NTWK) is a worldwide provider of global business services and enterprise application solutions. Since its inception in 1995, NetSol has used its BestShoring(TM) practices and highly experienced resources in analysis, development, quality assurance, and implementation to deliver high-quality, cost-effective solutions. Specialized for each industry, these product and services offerings include portfolio management systems for the financial services industry, consulting, custom development, systems integration, and technical services for the global Healthcare, Insurance, Real Estate, and Technology markets. NetSol's commitment to quality is demonstrated by its achievement of the ISO 9001, ISO 27001, and SEI (Software Engineering Institute) CMMI (Capability Maturity Model) Level 5 assessments, a distinction shared by fewer than 100 companies worldwide. NetSol offers SAP and Business Objects consulting and implementation services through its Ciena Solutions subsidiary. NetSol Technologies' clients include Fortune 500 manufacturers, global automakers, financial institutions, technology providers, and governmental agencies. Headquartered in Emeryville, California, NetSol Technologies has operations and offices in London, Los Angeles, Sydney, Beijing, Bangkok, and Lahore.
To learn more about NetSol Technologies, Inc. visit www.netsoltech.com
To join the NetSol Technologies, Inc. email distribution list, please visit: http://www.b2i.us/irpass.asp?BzID=897&to=ea&s=0
Forward Looking Statements
This press release may contain forward looking statements relating to the development of the Company's products and services and future operation results, including statements regarding the Company that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," variations of such words, and similar expressions, identify forward looking statements, but their absence does not mean that the statement is not forward looking. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that could affect the Company's actual results include the progress and costs of the development of products and services and the timing of the market acceptance.
Contact:
Contact:
Investor Relations
Christopher Chu
Grayling Global
Tel: +1-646-284-9426
Email: cchu@hfgcg.com
NP, anything to help with someones DD. But IMO if you call them they probably will not tell you a thing due to the LOI. Can't hurt trying though.
2 properties in washington? What does that have to do with Evergreen Estates Ltd., especially when they're talking about a community they are developing in Cananda?
The term "pissing in the wind" comes to mind for some reason.
FWIW - StockProfile.com is now showing the full OS 1.93 billion instead of the 7.3 million it was originally showing. Thanks to Maronti for pointing this out.
I am thinking you just might be correct on that analysis.
Facts About the Global Water Crisis and U.S. Efforts
1.1 billion people lack access to clean water and 2.6 billion people, almost half the total population of developing countries, do not
have access to adequate sanitation.1
By 2015 Sub-Saharan Africa will account for more than half of the global clean water deficit, or the gap between water scare countries
and those without water shortages, and just under half of the sanitation deficit, with South Asia accounting for the bulk of the
remainder.2
At any given time close to half the people in the developing world are suffering from one or more of the main diseases associated with
inadequate provision of water and sanitation such as diarrhea, guinea worm, trachoma and schistosomiasis. Diarrhea alone accounts for
1.8 million child deaths each year—4,900 deaths each day or an under-five population equivalent in size to that for London and New
York combined.3
40 billion hours a year are spent collecting water in sub-Saharan Africa—a year’s labor for the entire workforce in France.
Water-related diseases cost 443 million school days each year—equivalent to an entire school year for all seven-year-old children in
Ethiopia.4
The global aggregate costs of lack of access to water and sanitation, measured in foregone opportunity and the expenses related to
treatment of disease, total $170 billion, or 2.6% of developing country GDP.5
By 2025 more than 3 billion people could be living in water-stressed countries—and 14 countries will slip from water stress to water
scarcity.6
Fifteen countries, most in the Middle East, annually consume more than 100% of their total renewable water resources.7
For some 39 countries, with a combined population of 800 million people, at least half their water resources originate beyond their
borders.8
Every $1 spent in the water and sanitation sector creates on average another $8 in costs averted and productivity gained.9
Over 15 U.S. federal agencies are involved in international water issues. A majority of funding goes to 3 agencies – USAID, the
Department of Defense, and the Department of State. In FY 2003-2005, the US government gave more than $1.7 billion in ODA for
water-related activities.10
Funding is concentrated in a few areas: in 2005, USAID provided as much funding for Water for the Poor Initiatives in Egypt, Iraq,
Jordan and the West Bank/Gaza ($100.414 million) as for the entire continent of Africa ($101.491 million), or for the Asia/Near East
region ($99.333 million).11
Water Pollution Facts and Figures
We sometimes hear politicians and pundits say, "There's no water pollution problem anymore. We've done very well cleaning up our water." Now, we would never suggest that anyone take a politician at his word or believe the TV—proceed into the spin zone at your own risk. But since there are no rivers on fire now and we don't see too many stories about fish kills, they must be right, eh? On the other hand, a majority of people in the Western world seem to think their tap water is much less safe and drinkable than bottled water, which is a very expensive way for people to quench their thirst.
So, when it comes to water pollution facts, who's all wet and who's got it right? This article is the first of a multi-part series that will splash around in the deep end of the water pollution issue.
BEFORE THE WATER POLLUTION FACTS – WATER BASICSBefore we dive into our pool of water pollution facts, it will be helpful to do a quick review of the different types of water in general:
Ocean Water: The vast majority of water on the planet is the salt water in the oceans and seas.
Fresh Surface Water: This is the fresh water in rivers, streams, lakes, ponds and similar bodies of water. (Almost all of these contain fresh water, though a few lakes contain salty water.) Technically, the world's ice caps and glaciers also fall into this category , and actually contain very, very large amounts of fresh water.
Groundwater: The majority of the planet's liquid freshwater is stored in underground aquifers. It's important to remember that groundwater pollution is very difficult to treat, and it doesn't just "flush out" on its own. Water that enters an aquifer remains there for an average of 1,400 years!
Hey, I think that was our first water pollution fact! Here are some more.
WATER POLLUTION FACTS FOR THE UNITED STATESWater Pollution Fact #1
40% of America's rivers are too polluted for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life.
Water Pollution Fact #2
Even worse are America's lakes—46% are too polluted for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life.
Water Pollution Fact #3
Two-thirds of US estuaries and bays are either moderately or severely degraded from eutrophication (nitrogen and phosphorus pollution).
Water Pollution Fact #4
The Mississippi River—which drains nearly 40% of the continental United States, including its central farm lands—carries an estimated 1.5 million metric tons of nitrogen pollution into the Gulf of Mexico each year. The resulting hypoxic coastal dead zone in the Gulf each summer is about the size of Massachusetts.
Endangered Rivers
The river-protection group American Rivers lists the primary water pollution threats for U.S rivers:
-- Polluted runoff from roads, parking lots, and neighborhood lawns
-- Runoff from farms (pesticides, fertilizers, and animal waste)
-- Livestock damage to riparian areas (reduces near-stream filtering abilities)
-- Logging and mining operations
Of the 1200 species listed as threatened or endangered, 50% depend on rivers and streams. At least 123 freshwater species became extinct during the 20th century.
Source: American Rivers - River Facts page
Water Pollution Fact #5
1.2 trillion gallons of untreated sewage, stormwater, and industrial waste are discharged into US waters annually. The US EPA has warned that sewage levels in rivers could be back to the super-polluted levels of the 1970s by the year 2016.
Water Pollution Fact #6
In any given year, about 25% of beaches in the US are under advisories or are closed at least one time because of water pollution.
WATER POLLUTION FACTS BEYOND THE U.S.Water Pollution Fact #7
Asian rivers are the most polluted in the world. They have three times as many bacteria from human waste as the global average and 20 times more lead than rivers in industrialized countries.
Water Pollution Fact #8
In 2004, water from half of the tested sections of China's seven major rivers was found to be undrinkable because of pollution.
Canada’s
Most Endangered Rivers
#1 - Petitcodiac River
#2 - Eastmain River
#3 - Okanagan River
#4 - Taku River / Iskut River
#5 - Groundhog River
#6 - Milk River
#7 - Peel River
#8 - Red River
#9 - Churchill River
#10 - Bow River
SOURCE: EndangeredRivers.net
Water Pollution Fact #9
The quality of water in Europe's rivers and lakes used for swimming and water sports worsened between 2004 and 2005, with 10% of sites not meeting standards.
Water Pollution Fact #10
Slovakia has the lowest compliance with EU guidelines for freshwater areas, with only 22.4% of bathing sites meeting the standards.
Water Pollution Fact #11
Thirty percent of Ireland's rivers are polluted with sewage or fertilizer.
Water Pollution Fact #12
The Sarno is the most polluted river in Europe, featuring a nasty mix of sewage, untreated agricultural waste, industrial waste, and chemicals.
Water Pollution Fact #13
Greece has the cleanest coastal waters, followed by Spain and Germany. Lithuania and Estonia have the dirtiest coastal waters.
Water Pollution Fact #14
The King River is Australia's most polluted river, suffering from a severe acidic condition related to mining operations.
Water Pollution Fact #15
Pollution of freshwater (drinking water) is a problem for about half of the world's population. Each year there are about 250 million cases of water-related diseases, with roughly 5 to 10 million deaths.
Water Pollution Fact #16
Diseases caused by the ingestion of water contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites include:
cholera
typhoid
schistosomiasis
dysentery and other diarrheal diseases
Water Pollution Fact #17
Bangladesh has some of the most polluted groundwater in the world. In this case, the contaminant is arsenic, which occurs naturally in the sediments. Around 85% of the total area of the country has contaminated groundwater, with at least 1.2 million Bangladeshis exposed to arsenic poisoning and with millions more at risk.
Water Pollution Fact #18
Each year, plastic waste in water and coastal areas kills up to:
100,000 marine mammals,
1 million sea birds, and
countless fish.
Water Pollution Fact #19
The world's seas are beset by a variety of water pollution problems. See the table below for 10 of the worst areas.
Water Pollution Fact #20
In one week, a typical cruise ship generates:
210,000 gallons of sewage;
1,000,000 gallons of "gray water" from showers, sinks, dishwashers and clothes washers;
37,000 gallons of oily bilge water;
more than eight tons of solid waste; and
toxic wastes from onboard operations like dry cleaners and photo processing laboratories.
Water Pollution Fact #21
Around 80% of the pollution in seas and oceans comes from land-based activities.
Africa's potential water wars
By BBC News Online's Russell Smith
The main conflicts in Africa during the next 25 years could be over that most precious of commodities - water, as countries fight for access to scarce resources.
Potential 'water wars' are likely in areas where rivers and lakes are shared by more than one country, according to a UN Development Programme (UNDP) report.
The possible flashpoints are the Nile, Niger, Volta and Zambezi basins.
The report predicts population growth and economic development will lead to nearly one in two people in Africa living in countries facing water scarcity or what is known as 'water stress' within 25 years.
Water scarcity is defined as less than 1,000 cu.m of water available per person per year, while water stress means less than 1,500 cu.m of water is available per person per year.
The report says that by 2025, 12 more African countries will join the 13 that already suffer from water stress or water scarcity
Nile battle
The influential head of environmental research institute Worldwatch, Lester Brown, believes that water scarcity is now "the single biggest threat to global food security".
More and more people need scarce supplies of drinking water
He says that if the combined population of the three countries the Nile runs through - Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt - rises as predicted from 150 million today to 340 million in 2050 then there could be intense competition for increasingly limited water resources.
"There is already little water left when the Nile reaches the sea," he says.
And he predicts that Egypt is unlikely to take kindly to losing out to Ethiopia - a country with one-tenth of its income.
Indeed water is already a catalyst for regional conflict.
In the dying years of the previous Ethiopian government, tensions with Egypt increased rapidly when the rulers in Addis Ababa pondered the construction of dams on the Nile.
There is also another potential water war in Southern Africa involving Botswana, Namibia and Angola.
The River Cuito which begins in Angola before heading through the Caprivi strip in Namibia and ending in the marshlands of the Okavango Delta in Botswana runs through an area that is no stranger to tensions and conflict between neighbours.
Grain imports
Fresh water is also becoming increasingly unusable because of pollution.
But given increasing populations Worldwatch identifies one way of easing demands for water - importing grain.
Agriculture is by far the biggest user of water in Africa accounting for 88% of water use.
It takes about 1,000 tonnes of water to produce every tonne of grain.
Worldwatch says that already the water needed to produce the annual combined imports of grain by the Middle East and North Africa is equivalent to the annual flow of the Nile.
Importing grain is much easier than importing water, but for poorer countries in Africa it may not be an option.
For this reason the UN proposes monitoring worldwide reserves of drinking water and establishing agreements for the use of water.
Nice article. It's good to tackle this problem now than to wait like the our elected idiots has done with oil.
What a monster here.
Good, it's time people become aware of the issues we will face in the near future concerning the worlds water supplies.
2.5 billion people still lack access to improved sanitation, including 1.2 billion people who still have no facilities at all. (1)
The majority of the illness in the world is caused by fecal matter. (13)
At any one time, more than half the poor of the developing world are ill from causes related to hygiene, sanitation and water supply. (13)
Eighty-eight percent of cases of diarrhea worldwide are attributable to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene. (14)
Numbers of those living on less than US $2 a day: 2.5 billion. Numbers of those without sanitation: 2.6 billion. (9)
2008 is the International Year of Sanitation. Its five key messages are:
1) Sanitation is vital for human health, 2) Sanitation generates economic benefits, 3) Sanitation contributes to dignity and social development, 4) Sanitation helps the environment, and 5) Sanitation is achievable. Visit www.sanitation2008.org. (1)
Lack of sanitation is the world’s biggest cause of infection. (13)
Only 62 percent of the world’s population has access to improved sanitation – that is, a sanitation facility that ensures hygienic separation of human excreta from human contact. (1)
Of the 60 million people added to the world’s towns and cities every year, most occupy impoverished slums and shanty-towns with no facilities. (9)
http://water.org/waterpartners.aspx?pgID=916#Ref_20
Not all wet
As we in water-rich countries take our daily showers, water the lawn or laze about in the pool, it's easy to forget that fresh water is a life-or-death issue in many parts of the world.
Of a population of roughly 6.1 billion, more than 1 billion lack access to potable water. The World Health Organization says that at any time, up to half of humanity has one of the six main diseases -- diarrhea, schistosomiasis, or trachoma, or infestation with ascaris, guinea worm, or hookworm -- associated with poor drinking water and inadequate sanitation. About 5 million people die each year from poor drinking water, poor sanitation, or a dirty home environment -- often resulting from water shortage (see "Tackling the Big Three" in the bibliography).
Parched places
One glance at the map tells you that water is shortest in equatorial countries, often where populations are rising. (Population data below from Population Reference Bureau).
China, with 1.26 billion people, is "the one area worrying most people most of the time," says Marq de Villiers, author of the
recently published "Water " (see bibliography). In dry Northern China, he says, "the water table is dropping one meter per year due to overpumping, and the Chinese admit that 300 cities are running short. They are diverting water from agriculture and farmers are going out of business." Some Chinese rivers are so polluted with heavy metals that they can't be used for irrigation, he adds.
"They're disgraceful, unusable, industrial sewers," says de Villiers. As farmers go out of business, China will have to import more food.
In India, home to 1.002 billion people, key aquifers are being overpumped, and the soil is growing saltier through contamination with irrigation water. Irrigation was a key to increasing food production in India during the green revolution, and as the population surges toward a projected 1.363 billion in 2025, its crops will continue to depend on clean water and clean soil.
Israel (population 6.2 million), invented many water-conserving technologies, but water withdrawals still exceed resupply. Overpumping of aquifers along the coast is allowing seawater to pollute drinking water. Like neighboring Jordan, Israel is largely dependent on the Jordan River for fresh water.
Water Fight
Egypt, whose population of 68 million may reach 97 million by 2025, gets essentially no rainfall. All agriculture is irrigated by seasonal floods from the Nile River, and from water stored behind the Aswan High Dam. Any interference with water flow by Sudan or Ethiopia could starve Egypt.
"The Nile is one I worry about," says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project. Egypt, she says, is militarily powerful but vulnerable. "The hydropolitics might favor some military action, because Egypt is so heavily dependent on the Nile, it's already virtually tapping out the supply, and Ethiopia is now getting interested in developing the headwaters."
When a World Bank official suggested several years ago that water wars are not far off, he might have had Egypt on his mind -- or Turkey, Syria and Iraq, another trio of Middle-Eastern states that are locked in an uncomfortable embrace over water.
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers both rise in Turkey and flow unimpeded to Syria and Iraq, where they provide the bulk of irrigation water needed in the arid climate. Turkey has proposed a series of dams that would reduce river flow. That causes alarm downstream.
A working river
International water politics play a role in the Southwestern United States, where the Colorado River is shared by many states before its dregs trickle into Mexico. All along the river, water is diverted for irrigation and urban water -- with Arizona and California the biggest users. Because Mexico uses the dribble of water that reaches it for irrigation, virtually nothing reaches the river's once-fertile -- and now parched and polluted -- delta on the Sea of Cortez.
The Colorado may be completely allocated, but the Southwest continues booming. According to one estimate, five of the 10
fastest-growing U.S. states are in the river's drainage. The water the newcomers drink is likely to come from farmers who now receive subsidized river water.
The rivers we've mentioned are some of the 200 and 300 major lakes and rivers that transcend national boundaries. The list includes such major items as the Nile, the Amur River between Russia and parched northern China, the Niger in Africa, and the Mekong, Indus and Ganges in Asia.
.05% of that 400 billion market would be huge.
NP, just patiently waiting for some updates....and adding when I can.
Definitely getting close to the point where these prices will be a thing of the past.
HUGE market!!!!
Yep, starting to drool a bit here. Very anxious to see what PURO has in store for us here in the New Year.
09/09 PR
Purio Receives Letter of Intent to Install Water and Waste-Water Works
"Purio will participate in the operation of the water utilities services as a utility company, thereby creating a residual income stream for our company. A project like this, fully on-line, would generate annual revenues to the company of approximately $350,000."
11/19 PR
Purio's Direct Water Distribution Division Writes First Contracts
Daryl English, President of Purio, says, "We have now officially set sail into the marketplace. Businesses are motivated in many ways to take action and upgrade their office water service from bottle-style dispensers to modern point-of-use (POU) water purifiers and totally do away with bottled water delivery. In today's economy, the first motivation is cost cutting and we can often cut the monthly water budget by over 25%. Our primary objective is to let the world of business offices know how we can help.
Even at this early stage, we have written our first 3 contracts, and more quotes are in the pipeline waiting for approval. One of the quotes is to a multi-campus educational institution."
"We have an arrangement with a national finance company that gives us a cash payment on opening of a contract, and also provides us with ownership of the equipment when the original term is amortized. We then can look forward to a residual-style income from the equipment, which has a life expectancy far beyond the lease," continues English.
11/18 PR
Purio Accepts West African Leaders' Invitation to Present Technology
Daryl English, President of Purio, says, "Developing countries are well aware that a most important factor influencing their populations' ability to prosper is good health. Clean, safe water is at the top of their list of priorities in that quest, and that's where Purio comes in. Our technology is designed to be versatile so that it can be deployed to either drinking water purification, or wastewater treatment. That versatility, along with the energy efficiency, offers a combination of benefits that are very attractive. We look forward to this meeting as a first step toward the development of productive and long-lasting relationships in West Africa so that together, we may accomplish this all-important task."
What are the Costs/Benefits of Global Water and Sanitation Improvements?
Taking Water and Sanitation Coverage for Granted
Every day millions of North Americans freely flush their toilets, liberally run the faucet or relax under the steady stream from a warm shower. To many North Americans these activities are not considered luxuries, but basic functions of everyday life. Yet, for some in Africa or Asia it is a daily struggle to find a single cup of clean water. Nearly 40 percent of Africa has an unsafe water supply and poor sanitation coverage and in Asia, more than half the population is exposed to unsanitary conditions, according to a study conducted in 2000 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The effects are demonstrable. According to the WHO, water-borne diseases spawned from unsanitary conditions resulted in roughly 1.6 million deaths in 2003, of which 90% were children under five. In addition, roughly 1.1 billion people are without access to safe water sources and 2.4 billion people lack access to improved sanitation. The following table crystallizes this global disparity in access to water supply and sanitation coverage.
Table 1: Water and Sanitation Coverage By Region
Region Coverage (%)
Water Supply Sanitation
Africa 62 60
Asia 81 48
Latin America & Caribbean 85 78
Oceania 88 93
Europe 96 92
North America 100 100
Source: WHO/UNICEF, 2000
In response to these startling statistics, the United Nations Millennium Declaration established goals to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to both improve water supply and improved sanitation by 2015.
The WHO commissioned the Swiss Tropical Institute (Institute) to conduct a comprehensive cost/benefit analysis of improved access to safe water supply and the subsequent health, economic, education and cultural benefits. The Institute recently completed its report, "Evaluation of the Costs and Benefits of Water and Sanitation Improvements at the Global Level" (to read the complete report, please go to http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/wsh0404/en/).
The Institute's findings are clear: Increased access to "improved" water supply and sanitation coverage is directly related to the level of financial investment. The more money invested globally, the greater access to safe drinking water and sanitation coverage for the impoverished. Furthermore, achieving global water supply and sanitation goals would yield quantifiable benefits far exceeding the financial investments required.
What Constitutes "Improved?"
For purposes of their analysis, the authors focused on low technology improvements and defined "improved" water as water supply that involves better access and protected water sources, resulting in a significantly increased probability that water is safe and more accessible. "Improved" sanitation is quantified as better access and safer disposal of excrement. Using the above definition of "improved," WHO identified five intervention goals and their corresponding costs, as outlined in Table 2.
Table 2 Intervention Goals Costs (US$/per annum)
1.) Reducing by half the number of people without sustainable access to improved water supply. $1.78 billion
2.) Reducing by half the number of people without sustainable access to both improved water supply and sanitation. $11.3 billion
3.) Access for all to improved water and sanitation services. $22.6 billion
4.) Household water treatment using chlorine and safe storage would cost an additional $2 billion on top of access for all to improved water and sanitation services. $24.6 billion
5.) Access for all to regulated in-house piped water supply with quality monitoring and in-house sewage connection w/partial treatment of sewage. $136.5 billion
The figures cited above fluctuate greatly depending on the access targets. For example, the table clearly illustrates that a high level of funding is required, $136.5 billion per annum, to secure "access for all to regulated in-house pipe water supply with quality monitoring and in-house sewage connection w/partial treatment of sewage." Yet, the table shows that even a modest investment of $1.78 billion per annum can go a long way towards increasing access to safe water by reducing in half the number of people without sustainable access to improved water supply.
While Intervention Goal 2 requires an additional investment of approximately $10 billion annually, the benefits justify the expense. According to the WHO, Intervention Goal 2 would reduce diarrhea episodes by 10 percent and provide a global economic benefit of $84 billion.
Overall, the WHO believes that "careful consideration of all benefits and all costs of water and sanitation projects will tip the balance in favor of positive investment decisions."
Health Benefits of Safe Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage
While policy decisions are closely tied to their expense, the underlying concern of limited access to safe water supply and sanitation coverage is the incalculable cost of human life. Most prevalent with water-borne diseases is infectious diarrhea. In fact, the WHO found that a reduction in the number of episodes of diarrhea and the resultant reduction in the number of deaths were directly tied to access to safe water supply and sanitation services (Table 3). Clearly, the health impact of "improvements" will vary from region to region.
Table 3: Intervention Goals Global Diarrhea Reduction
Intervention 1 (water only) 4% (episodes)
Intervention 2 10% (episodes)
Intervention 3 16.7% (episodes)
Intervention 4 53% (episodes)
Intervention 5 69% (episodes)
Economic Benefits of Safe Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage
The economic benefits of improved access to a safe water supply and sanitation coverage are extensive. Healthcare constitutes a considerable expense, particularly in nations where access to healthcare is limited. For example, if access to safe water and sanitation coverage were improved there would be a smaller frequency of diarrhea cases. As a result, patients would avoid costs accrued with treatment expenditures, such as care, drugs, transportation and time spent seeking care.
There are four distinct groups that stand to receive direct economic benefits from water and sanitation improvements: the health sector, patients, consumers and agricultural and industrial sectors. Realized direct benefits for these groups include less expenditure on treatment of diarrheal disease, less expenditure on transport in seeking treatment, less time lost due to treatment seeking. While indirect benefits would include the value of less health workers falling sick with diahrrea, avoided days lost at work or at school, avoided time lost of parents/caretakers of sick children and avoided deaths. The total economic benefits of interventions are impossible to ignore (Table 4).
Table 4: Intervention Goals Economic Benefits
(US$ year 2000)
Intervention 1 $18.143 billion
Intervention 2 $84.4 billion
Intervention 3 $262.879 billion
Intervention 4 $344.106 billion
Intervention 5 $555.901 billion
The WHO report validates the premise that "improved" access to safe water supply and sanitation coverage would bear health care related benefits that would significantly reduce global healthcare costs. This analysis concluded that every $1 US invested would yield an economic benefit ranging from $3 to $34 US depending on the region. Further, additional improvements to drinking water quality, "such as point of use disinfection" would portend benefits varying from $5 to $60 US for every $1 US invested.
Conclusion
Water-borne diseases have plagued the global population for centuries. Unfortunately, many people remain exposed to the pathogens that trigger these deadly illnesses. The WHO analysis of this issue is not complex: increased funding to improve access to safe water and sanitation will go a long way towards eradicating this problem. Different intervention strategies have been captured to provide policy makers with guidance. As is generally the case, those who do not have a seat at the decision making table often do not have their voices heard. Clean water and sanitation is not a privilege, it is a right.
http://www.waterandhealth.org/newsletter/new/winter_2005/cost_benefits.html
Water Pollution
When the astronaut Neil Armstrong looked at the earth from the moon, it looked all blue! This is because water covers more than two-third of the earth’s surface. But fresh water represents less than 0.5% of the total water on the earth’s surface. The rest of the water is either in the form of seawater or locked up in icecaps or soil. This is why we often hear of many areas of the earth having water scarcity.
Worldwide, the consumption of water is doubling every 20 years – more than twice the rate of increase in population.
Water covers over 75% of the Earth’s surface, it is without doubt the most valuable of all the Earths natural resources. Without it there would be no life on earth: it is essential for everything and everyone on our planet to grow and prosper. Even though we as humans recognize this fact, we disregard it by polluting our rivers, lakes, and oceans.
We are slowly but surely harming our planet to the point where organisms are dying at a very alarming rate. In addition to innocent organisms dying off, our drinking water has become greatly affected, as is our ability to use water for recreational purposes.
In order to combat water pollution, we must understand the problems and become part of the solution. Many causes of pollution include contamination from sewage and fertilizers contain nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates. In excessive concentrations, nutrients over-stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and algae. Excessive growth of these types of organisms consequently clogs our waterways, use up dissolved oxygen as they decompose, and block light to deeper waters.
This, in turn, proves very harmful to aquatic organisms as it affects the respiration ability or fish and other invertebrates that reside in water.
Make up of the planet’s water
Oceans 97.2%
Ice caps/glaciers 2.38%
Ground water 0.397%
Atmosphere 0.001%
Surface water (e.g., lakes, rivers, streams, ponds) 0.022%
Effects of Water Pollution
•Quality of life
•Habitat
•Drinking water
•Recreation
What Can I Do?
1.Never dump anything down a drain.
2.Recycle motor oil and other vehicle fluids.
3.Throw litter in its place.
4.Clean up after your pet.
5.Check your vehicles for leaks and repair them.
6.Reduce the amount of household hazardous wastes generated at home.
7.Take a shower instead of a bath.
8.Use environmentally safe cleaning products around the house.
9.If you need to water your lawn do it in the morning there’s less evaporation (Remember rain does it naturally.)
10. Set your mowing to its highest setting this encourages grass roots to grow deeper for
moisture and grass blades to hold moisture longer than with a closely clipped lawn.
11. Place a shutoff nozzle on your hose to control the flow of water so you only use what you need. Remember to turn the water off at the tap to prevent leaks.
12. Leaks are the biggest water waster around the home. A leak of one drop per second wastes 2,400 gallons of water per year! Take a few minutes to find out if you have a leak in your home.
We don’t have to stop using the earth’s resources but we do have to stop wasting them.
Morning People. Just a few more days and it's the New Year. Should get some interesting updates here shortly.
LOL, you're a nut.